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Snapshots along an enzymatic reaction coordinate: Analysis of a retaining beta-glycoside hydrolase

TitleSnapshots along an enzymatic reaction coordinate: Analysis of a retaining beta-glycoside hydrolase
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication1998
AuthorsDavies, GJ, Mackenzie, L, Varrot, A, Dauter, M, Brzozowski, AM, Schulein, M, Withers, SG
JournalBIOCHEMISTRY
Volume37
Pagination11707-11713
Date PublishedAUG 25
ISSN0006-2960
Abstract

The enzymatic hydrolysis of O-glycosidic linkages is one of the most diverse and widespread reactions in nature and involves a classic ``textbook{''} enzyme mechanism. A multidisciplinary analysis of a beta-glycoside hydrolase, the Ce15A from Bacillus agaradhaerens, is presented in which the structures of each of the native, substrate, covalent-intermediate, and product complexes have been determined and their interconversions analyzed kinetically, providing unprecedented insights into the mechanism of this enzyme class. Substrate is bound in a distorted S-1(3) skew-boat conformation, thereby presenting the anomeric carbon appropriately for nucleophilic attack as well as satisfying the stereoelectronic requirements for an incipient oxocarbenium ion. Leaving group departure results in the trapping of a covalent alpha-glycosylenzyme intermediate in which the sugar adopts an undistorted C-4(1) conformation. Finally, hydrolysis of this intermediate yields a product complex in which the sugar is bound in a partially disordered mode, consistent with unfavorable interactions and low product affinity.

DOI10.1021/bi981315i