@article {2426,
	title = {Products and kinetics of the reactions of an alkane monolayer and a terminal alkene monolayer with NO3 radicals},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres},
	volume = {114},
	year = {2009},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 401ZETimes Cited: 10Cited Reference Count: 95Gross, Simone Bertram, Allan K.},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {14},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The reactions of an alkanethiol and a terminal alkenethiol self-assembled monolayer with NO3 radicals (in the presence of NO2 and O-2) were studied. For the alkane monolayer, infrared (IR) spectroscopy and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) confirmed the formation of organonitrates (RONO2). The observation of organonitrates is in contrast to the recent X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) data, which showed very little nitrogen-containing surface species. The identification of organonitrates may help explain why significant volatilization of the organic chain was not observed in recent studies of alkane monolayer oxidation by NO3 radicals. The reactive uptake coefficient (gamma) of NO3 on alkene monolayers determined in our study is higher than the values obtained in a recent study using liquid and solid alkene bulk films. A possible reason for this difference may be the location of the double bond at the interface. Using the g value determined in our studies, we show that under conditions where NO3 is high the lifetime of an alkene monolayer in the atmosphere may be short ( approximately 20 min). XPS, IR, and ToF-SIMS were used to identify surface functional groups after the oxidation of the alkene monolayers by NO3. The results are consistent with the formation of C-O, aldehyde/ketone, carboxylic groups, and nitrogen containing species.},
	keywords = {GAS-PHASE, HETEROGENEOUS OXIDATION, ION, MASS-SPECTROMETRY, NITROGEN-DIOXIDE, OH RADICALS, OLEIC-ACID, POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS, REACTIONS, RELATIVE RATE CONSTANTS, SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS, VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS},
	isbn = {0148-0227},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000262982300003},
	author = {Gross, S. and Bertram, A. K.}
}
@article {1646,
	title = {New rhodium(I) carbene complexes from carbene transfer reactions},
	journal = {Organometallics},
	volume = {25},
	number = {9},
	year = {2006},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 035AZTimes Cited: 25Cited Reference Count: 41},
	month = {Apr},
	pages = {2359-2363},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The Rh(I) complexes RhCl(diene)(NHC) have been synthesized from Ag(I) carbene precursors, where NHC is one of the N-heterocyclic carbenes 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene (IPr), 1,3bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene (IMes), 3-methyl-1-phenacylimidazol-2-ylidene (MAI), and 3-methyl-1-picolylimidazol-2-ylidene (MPI), and diene is either NBD or COD. The complexes are characterized by elemental analysis, H-1 NMR and IR spectroscopies, mass spectrometry, and, in the case of RhCl(NBD)(IMes) and RhCl(COD)(MAI), X-ray crystallography. The new Ag(I) carbene complexes [Ag(IPr)(2)]PF6 and [Ag(IMeS)(2)]PF6 are also reported.},
	keywords = {APPLICATION, CATALYTIC, COUPLING, EFFICIENT CATALYSTS, IRIDIUM, LIGAND, METAL-COMPLEXES, N-heterocyclic carbene, NUCLEOPHILIC CARBENE, OLEFIN METATHESIS, REACTIONS, SILVER(I)},
	isbn = {0276-7333},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000236973500033},
	author = {Yu, X. Y. and Patrick, B. O. and James, Brian R.}
}
@article {1559,
	title = {On the use temperature parameterized rate coefficients in the estimation of non-equilibrium reaction rates},
	journal = {Physica a-Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications},
	volume = {365},
	number = {2},
	year = {2006},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 044QSTimes Cited: 11Cited Reference Count: 58},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {317-332},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The present paper considers a detailed analysis of the nonequilibrium effects for a model reactive system with the Chapman-Eskog (CE) solution of the Boltzmann equation as well as an explicit time dependent solution. The elastic cross sections employed are a hard sphere cross section and the Maxwell molecule cross section. Reactive cross sections which model reactions with and without activation energy are used. A detailed comparison is carried out with these solutions of the Boltzmann equation and the approximation introduced by Cukrowski and coworkers [J. Chem. Phys. 97 (1992) 9086; Chem. Phys. 89 (1992) 159; Physica A 188 (1992) 344; Chem. Phys. Lett. A 297 (1998) 402; Physica A 275 (2000) 134; Chem. Phys. Lett. 341 (2001) 585; Acta Phys. Polonica B 334 (2003) 3607.] based on the temperature of the reactive particles. We show that the Cukrowski approximation has limited applicability for the large class of reactive systems studied in this paper. The explicit time dependent solutions of the Boltzmann equation demonstrate that the CE approach is valid only for very slow reactions for which the corrections to the equilibrium rate coefficient are very small. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {BIMOLECULAR CHEMICAL-REACTION, Boltzmann equation, BOLTZMANN-EQUATION, Chapman-Enskog, CHAPMAN-ENSKOG METHOD, CHEMISTRY, DILUTE GAS, LORENTZ GAS, MULTICOMPONENT SYSTEMS, NITROGEN-ATOMS, nonequilibrium, PERTURBATION, REACTIONS, VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION},
	isbn = {0378-4371},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000237687900006},
	author = {Shizgal, B. D. and Chikhaoui, A.}
}
@article {830,
	title = {Synthesis of functionalized 1-azaspirocyclic cyclopentanones using Bronsted acid or N-bromosuccinimide promoted ring expansions},
	journal = {Journal of Organic Chemistry},
	volume = {69},
	number = {17},
	year = {2004},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 845XHTimes Cited: 19Cited Reference Count: 128},
	month = {Aug},
	pages = {5668-5675},
	type = {Review},
	abstract = {Azaspirocyclic ring systems are present in a variety of alkaloids. Functionalized 1-azaspirocyclopentanones (6, 7, 11, 12) can be efficiently constructed through semipinacol ring expansion reactions of 2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)-p-toluenesulfonylenamides (4) promoted by either a Bronsted acid ((S)-(+)-10-camphorsulfonic acid or HCI) or N-bromosuccinimide, an electrophilic bromine source. Reactions promoted by N-bromosuccinimide tend to proceed in higher yields (80-95\%) and with greater diastereoselectivity (3:1-1:0) compared to those reactions promoted by a Bronsted acid. In addition, N-bromosuccinimide promoted reactions can produce a complementary stereochemical outcome compared to the reactions using Bronsted acid.},
	keywords = {1ST TOTAL-SYNTHESIS, ALPHA-HYDROXY IMINES, AMINO KETONE REARRANGEMENTS, CROSS-COUPLING, DIELS-ALDER REACTION, ENANTIOSELECTIVE, INITIATED PINACOL REARRANGEMENT, MARINE ALKALOIDS, PINNAIC ACID, REACTIONS, THERMAL REARRANGEMENT, TOTAL-SYNTHESIS},
	isbn = {0022-3263},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000223278200020},
	author = {Dake, G. R. and Fenster, M. D. B. and Hurley, P. B. and Patrick, B. O.}
}
@article {710,
	title = {Preorganization of achiral molecules for asymmetric synthesis through crystallization-induced immobilization in homochiral conformations},
	journal = {Angewandte Chemie-International Edition},
	volume = {42},
	number = {32},
	year = {2003},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 716PRTimes Cited: 19Cited Reference Count: 24},
	pages = {3775-3777},
	type = {Article},
	keywords = {asymmetric synthesis, CRYSTAL, crystal engineering, GEOMETRIC REQUIREMENTS, II, INDUCTION, KETONES, PHOTOCHEMICAL-REACTIONS, PHOTOCHEMISTRY, PHOTOCYCLIZATION, reaction, REACTIONS, REACTIVITY, SOLID-STATE, topochemistry},
	isbn = {1433-7851},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000185038000009},
	author = {Patrick, B. O. and Scheffer, J. R. and Scott, C.}
}
@article {459,
	title = {Control of enantioselectivity in the photochemical conversion of alpha-oxoamides into beta-lactam derivatives},
	journal = {Organic Letters},
	volume = {4},
	number = {9},
	year = {2002},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 545XYTimes Cited: 19Cited Reference Count: 34},
	month = {May},
	pages = {1443-1446},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {[GRAPHIC] Several approaches to asymmetric induction in the alpha-oxoamide (1) to beta-lactam (2) photorearrangement are described. Best results are obtained via irradiation of ionic and covalent chiral auxiliary-containing reactants in the crystalline state and in the interior supercages of zeolites.},
	keywords = {AMINO-ACID, ASYMMETRIC INDUCTION, CATION-PI INTERACTIONS, CRYSTALLINE STATE, GAS-PHASE, GEOMETRIC REQUIREMENTS, II, PHOTOCYCLIZATION, REACTIONS, SOLID-STATE PHOTOCHEMISTRY, ZWITTERIONS},
	isbn = {1523-7060},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000175243900009},
	author = {Natarajan, A. and Wang, K. and Ramamurthy, V. and Scheffer, J. R. and Patrick, B.}
}
@article {407,
	title = {Homo- and heterobimetallic precursor catalysts for the Heck reaction, and a proposal for a general catalytic cooperativity index},
	journal = {Advanced Synthesis \& Catalysis},
	volume = {344},
	number = {10},
	year = {2002},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 629XZTimes Cited: 22Cited Reference Count: 58},
	month = {Dec},
	pages = {1126-1134},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Homo- (Pd-2) and heterobimetallic (PtPd) complexes supported by a P,P-bridging, bis(P,N-chelating) coordination mode of the potentially hexadentate ligand 1,1-bis[di(o-N,N-dimethylanilinyl)phosphino] methane (dmapm) are effective catalyst precursors for the aerobic Heck coupling of iodobenzene and styrene at 100degreesC in DMF/H2O solution containing K2CO3. This medium allows for trivial separation of the trans-stilbene product which precipitates after the reaction mixture is cooled. The bimetallic precursors are more active than predicted from the sum of the activities of complexes chosen to mimic their mono-metallic "half units," suggesting some degree of intermetallic cooperativity during the reaction. A non-linear dependence of initial rate on catalyst concentration implies, however, that the complexes do not remain intact, and may be involved in dissociative equilibria with non-dmapm containing monometallic components that are more active species for the Heck coupling. The complexes are slowly degraded by oxidation at a phosphorus centre. A general index for quantifying the degree of intermetallic cooperativity during a catalytic cycle is proposed and its utility and limitations are discussed.},
	keywords = {aerobic), ASYMMETRIC CATALYSIS, bimetallic, CHEMISTRY, cooperativity, COORDINATION, COUPLING, Heck reaction (aqueous, HIGH REGIOSELECTIVITY, homogeneous, HYDROFORMYLATION, HYDROGEN, LIGANDS, NICKEL(II) SITE, palladium, PALLADIUM(II) COMPLEXES, phosphine (anilinyl), platinum, REACTIONS, thermomorphic, VINYLIC SUBSTITUTION-REACTIONS},
	isbn = {1615-4150},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000180078900015},
	author = {Jones, N. D. and James, Brian R.}
}
@article {4357,
	title = {Ion-molecule reactions of halocarbon cations with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a quadrupole ion trap - Part II - Applications to environmental analysis},
	journal = {Journal of Mass Spectrometry},
	volume = {33},
	number = {3},
	year = {1998},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: ZD564Times Cited: 5Cited Reference Count: 8},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {250-263},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Ion-molecule reactions between the cations CH3CHF+ and CH3CF2+ generated from 1,1-difluoroethane and gas chromatographic eluents from a sediment extract containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were used to differentiate goups of PAH structural isomers, Formation of specific adducts led to characteristic mass spectra for the different isomers. Differences in the ion chromatograms for M+, MH+, [M+CH3CHF](+), [M +CH3CHF-HF](+), [M+CH(3)CF2](+) and [M+CH3CF2-HF](+) (M=PAH molecule) allowed the resolution of co-eluting isomers. As the ratio of yields of adducts was not changed by methyl substitution, it was possible to differentiate and quantitate alkylated PAHs for which standards were not available, By performing a series of transformations between the ion chromatograms of the most characteristic;adducts, information on individual isomer groups could he deconvoluted from complex clusters of isomers. This ion trap/chemical ionization technique displayed calibration curse parameters similar to those for electron ionization analysis and limits of detection of 170 pg in the sediment extract. (C) 1998 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.},
	keywords = {environmental analysis, halocarbon cations, ion-molecule, isomer differentiation, MARINE-SEDIMENTS, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, REACTIONS},
	isbn = {1076-5174},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000072699200006},
	author = {Mosi, A. A. and Cullen, W. R. and Eigendorf, G. K.}
}
@article {4076,
	title = {Ion-molecule reactions of halocarbon cations with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a quadrupole ion trap .1. Differentiation of structural isomers},
	journal = {Journal of Mass Spectrometry},
	volume = {32},
	number = {8},
	year = {1997},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: XQ564Times Cited: 9Cited Reference Count: 26},
	month = {Aug},
	pages = {864-874},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Ion-molecule reactions between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and ions (R+) generated from halogenated hydrocarbons (dichloromethane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, 1,1-dichloroethane, difluoromethane and 1,1-difluoroethane) in a quadrupole ion trap were used to differentiate a series of structural isomers of PAHs. This differentiation was based on the formation of [M + R](+) and [M + R - HX](+) products (X = Cl, F) between the halocarbon ions (R+) and PAH molecules (M). Halomethanes were found to give rise predominantly to the elimination products [M + R - HX](+), while the haloethanes also yielded significant amounts of the [M + R](+) adducts. Differences in the ionization energies of the PAH isomers seem to be partially responsible for this differentiation process, Collision-induced dissociation experiments also revealed structural differences in the adducts of different PAH isomers. (C) 1997 by John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.},
	keywords = {DIMETHYL ETHER, ETHER CHEMICAL-IONIZATION, GAS-PHASE, halocarbon ions, ion-molecule, IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY, isomer differentiation, polycycle aromatic hydrocarbons, quadrupole ion trap, REACTIONS},
	isbn = {1076-5174},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1997XQ56400009},
	author = {Mosi, A. A. and Cullen, W. R. and Eigendorf, G. K.}
}
