@article {2432,
	title = {A new broadly tunable (7.4-10.2 eV) laser based VUV light source and its first application to aerosol mass spectrometry},
	journal = {International Journal of Mass Spectrometry},
	volume = {279},
	number = {2-3},
	year = {2009},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 399TJTimes Cited: 10Cited Reference Count: 78Hanna, S. J. Campuzano-Jost, P. Simpson, E. A. Robb, D. B. Burak, I. Blades, M. W. Hepburn, J. W. Bertram, A. K.},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {134-146},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {A laser based vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light source using resonance enhanced four wave difference mixing in xenon gas was developed for near threshold ionization of organics in atmospheric aerosol particles. The source delivers high intensity pulses of VUV light (in the range of 10(10) to 10(13) photons/pulse depending on wavelength, 5 ns FWHM) with a continuously tunable wavelength from 122 nm (10.2 eV) to 168 nm (7.4 eV). The setup allows for tight (< 1 mm(2)) and precise focusing (mu rad pointing angle adjustability), attributes required for single particle detection. The generated VUV is separated from the pump wavelengths by a custom monochromator which ensures high spectral purity and minimizes absorptive losses. The performance of the source was characterized using organic molecules in the gas phase and optimal working conditions are reported. In the gas phase measurements, photoionization efficiency (PIE) curves were collected for seven different organic species with ionization energies spanning the full wavelength range of the VUV source. The measured appearance energies are very close to the literature values of the ionization energies for all seven species. The effectiveness of the source for single particle studies was demonstrated by analysis of individual caffeine aerosols vaporized by a pulsed CO2 laser in an ion trap mass spectrometer. Mass spectra from single particles down to 300 nm in diameter were collected. Excellent signal to noise characteristics for these small particles give a caffeine detection limit of 8 x 10(5) molecules which is equivalent to a single 75 nm aerosol, or approximately 1.5\% of a 300 nm particle. The appearance energy of caffeine originating from the aerosol was also measured and found to be 7.91 +/- 0.05 eV, in good agreement with literature values. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Aerosol mass spectrometry, analysis, CROSS-SECTIONS, EFFICIENCY, FUEL-RICH FLAMES, GENERATING PARTICLE BEAMS, ION-TRAP, ONLINE, ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS, PARTICULATE MATTER, PHOTOIONIZATION, SINGLE-PHOTON IONIZATION, SURFACE-ANALYSIS, Vacuum ultraviolet light, VACUUM-ULTRAVIOLET PHOTOIONIZATION},
	isbn = {1387-3806},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000262821900012},
	author = {Hanna, S. J. and Campuzano-Jost, P. and Simpson, E. A. and Robb, D. B. and Burak, I. and Blades, M. W. and Hepburn, J. W. and Bertram, A. K.}
}
@article {2231,
	title = {State-of-the-art in atmospheric pressure photoionization for LC/MS},
	journal = {Analytica Chimica Acta},
	volume = {627},
	number = {1},
	year = {2008},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 358IYTimes Cited: 23Cited Reference Count: 147Robb, Damon B. Blades, Michael W.Sp. Iss. SI},
	month = {Oct},
	pages = {34-49},
	type = {Review},
	abstract = {This review presents our perspective on the state-of-the-art of atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) for LC/MS. Its focus is on APPI{\textquoteright}s capabilities and how to utilize them fully. The introduction includes a brief recounting of the history of APPI{\textquoteright}s development, as well as a summary of its operating principles and current position in the field. The primary ionization mechanisms in APPI are then addressed, including direct analyte photoionization (PI), dopant/solvent PI, and thermospray. Next a summary of the ion-molecule reaction pathways available for analyte ionization is presented, along with the conditions required for activating them. APPI{\textquoteright}s performance characteristics are then examined. in effect, this review is an interim report on progress made since Rafaelli and Saba concluded that "The ability... to direct the preferential ion formation towards one particular type...can be extremely useful for qualitative and quantitative determinations. For this purpose, a better insight in the processes involved in the ionization step is strongly needed" [A. Raffaelli, A. Saba, Mass Spectrom. Rev. 22 (2003) 318]. In the conclusion, we focus on areas of APPI technology identified as being either unoptimized or largely unexplored, and having the potential to be improved upon-the crux being that with further research and development improvements in the performance, capabilities, and ease-of-use of APPI may reasonably be anticipated. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {ACTIVATED CHEMICAL-IONIZATION, AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS, atmospheric pressure, BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS, CARBON, ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION, HUMAN PLASMA, LC-MS/MS, liquid chromatography/mass, LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY, PHOTOIONIZATION, POLYCYCLIC, POROUS GRAPHITIC, PROTON-TRANSFER, review, SPECTROMETRY, TANDEM-MASS-SPECTROMETRY},
	isbn = {0003-2670},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000259911600004},
	author = {Robb, D. B. and Blades, M. W.}
}
@article {1580,
	title = {Ion pair dissociation: Spectroscopy and dynamics},
	journal = {Annual Review of Physical Chemistry},
	volume = {57},
	year = {2006},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 044JOTimes Cited: 26Cited Reference Count: 82Suits, Arthur G. Hepburn, John W.},
	pages = {431-465},
	type = {Review},
	abstract = {Ion pair dissociation processes may be studied Using coherent vacuum Ultraviolet laser sources in a manner entirely analogous to photoelectron spectroscopy, albeit with the anion playing the role of a heavy electron. If the excitation energy is above the dissociation energy and the kinetic energy of the fragment is measured Using ion imaging. this approach is termed ion pair imaging spectroscopy (IPIS) and is related to conventional photoelectron spectroscopy. If the excitation energy is just below the dissociation energy and pulsed-field dissociation is employed, this approach is analogous to mass analyzed threshold ionization (MATI) spectroscopy and is termed threshold ion pair production spectroscopy (TIPPS). These approaches provide a novel means of investigating ion thermochemistry and spectroscopy and superexcited state decay dynamics at high resolution.},
	keywords = {cation, ENERGY, HIGH-RESOLUTION, ion imaging, IONIZATION, METHYL, MOLECULAR-OXYGEN, NEGATIVE-IONS, PHOTODISSOCIATION DYNAMICS, PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY, PHOTOIONIZATION, superexcited states, TIPPS, VACUUM-ULTRAVIOLET, velocity map imaging, VUV, ZEKE},
	isbn = {0066-426X},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000237668700015},
	author = {Suits, A. G. and Hepburn, J. W.}
}
@article {1417,
	title = {Threshold ion-pair production spectroscopy of HCN},
	journal = {Journal of Chemical Physics},
	volume = {124},
	number = {7},
	year = {2006},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 014IPTimes Cited: 4Cited Reference Count: 32},
	month = {Feb},
	pages = {5},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The spectroscopic technique of threshold ion-pair production spectroscopy (TIPPS) has been applied to the triatomic molecule HCN. We have recorded the total ion-pair yield and TIPP spectra for the HCN -> H++CN- process using coherent vacuum ultraviolet excitation. From the simulation of our high-resolution TIPP spectrum we have precisely measured the HCN ion-pair threshold E-IP(0) to be 122 244 +/- 4 cm(-1). This value could be used to determine the bond dissociation energy D-0(H-CN) to unprecedented accuracy. Our fitting result also showed that rotationally excited instead of cold CN- fragment is favored as the ion-pair dissociation product in the threshold region.},
	keywords = {CN, DCN, DYNAMICS, ELECTRONIC STATES, MOLECULE, NM, PHOTO-DISSOCIATION, PHOTODISSOCIATION, PHOTOIONIZATION, TIPPS},
	isbn = {0021-9606},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000235473500018},
	author = {Hu, Q. J. and Zhang, Q. and Hepburn, J. W.}
}
@article {4794,
	title = {The microwave spectra and structures of Ar-AgX (X=F,Cl,Br)},
	journal = {Journal of Chemical Physics},
	volume = {112},
	number = {3},
	year = {2000},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 271MWTimes Cited: 68Cited Reference Count: 46},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {1321-1329},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The rotational spectra of the complexes Ar-AgF, Ar-AgCl, and Ar-AgBr have been observed in the frequency range 6-20 GHz using a pulsed jet cavity Fourier transform microwave spectrometer. All the complexes are linear and rather rigid in the ground vibrational state, with the Ar-Ag stretching frequency estimated as similar to 140 cm(-1). Isotopic data have been used to calculate an r(0) structure for Ar-AgF, while for Ar-AgCl and Ar-AgBr partial substitution structures have also been obtained. To reduce zero-point vibrational effects a double substitution method (r(d)) was employed to calculate the structures of Ar-AgCl and Ar-AgBr. The Ar-Ag bond distance has been found to be rather short and to range from 2.56 Angstrom in Ar-AgF to 2.64 Angstrom in Ar-AgBr. Ab initio MP2 and density functional theory calculations for Ar-AgF and Ar-AgCl model the geometries and stretching frequency well, and predict an Ar-Ag bond energy in Ar-AgF of similar to 23 kJ mol(-1). These results indicate that the Ar-AgX complexes are more strongly bound than typical van der Waals complexes. Analysis of the halogen nuclear quadrupole coupling constants was unable to confirm whether extensive electron rearrangement occurs upon formation of the complexes. (C) 2000 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(00)02202-9].},
	keywords = {ARGON VANDERWAALS COMPLEX, DER-WAALS COMPLEXES, ELECTRONIC SPECTROSCOPY, INTERATOMIC POTENTIALS, LASER-ABLATION, METAL ATOMS, PHOTODISSOCIATION SPECTROSCOPY, PHOTOIONIZATION, RARE-GAS COMPLEXES, ROTATIONAL SPECTRUM, SPECTROSCOPY},
	isbn = {0021-9606},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000084598900029},
	author = {Evans, C. J. and Gerry, M. C. L.}
}
@article {2757,
	title = {PREDICTIONS OF ADIABATIC IONIZATION ENERGIES AND ELECTRON-AFFINITIES FOR CH3S AND CH2SH BY DENSITY FUNCTIONAL METHOD},
	journal = {Journal of Chemical Physics},
	volume = {98},
	number = {1},
	year = {1993},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: KF406Times Cited: 15Cited Reference Count: 34},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {759-760},
	type = {Note},
	keywords = {2ND-ROW COMPOUNDS, GAUSSIAN-1 THEORY, MOLECULAR-ENERGIES, PHOTOIONIZATION, SPECTROSCOPY},
	isbn = {0021-9606},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1993KF40600090},
	author = {Chong, D. P. and Ng, C. Y.}
}
