@article {1004,
	title = {Investigations of interfaces formed between bis-1,2-(triethoxysilyl)ethane (BTSE) and aluminum after different Forest Product Laboratory pre-treatment times},
	journal = {Applied Surface Science},
	volume = {221},
	number = {1-4},
	year = {2004},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 759CXTimes Cited: 11Cited Reference Count: 28},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {340-348},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The adhesion performance of bis-1,2-(triethoxysilyl)ethane (BTSE) coatings on high-purity aluminum surfaces, which have been subjected to a Forest Products Laboratory (FPL) pre-treatment for different times, has been assessed with secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). After coating, SIMS measurement of the ratio of peak intensities at 71 to 70 amu is used to identify the direct Al-O-Si bonding. The overall strength of the silane adhesion is assessed by comparing measurements of the Si 2p signals before and after application of an ultrasonic rinse to the coated sample. For the shorter FPL pre-treatment times (<10 min), substantial BTSE adsorption occurs on less-firmly anchored parts of the oxide which can be removed by the sonication test. The optimal adhesive bonding is indicated by these more microscopic studies to occur with the pre-treatments in the 10-25 min range, and this is in close correspondence with the normal FPL recipe that has been identified by performance in macroscopic tests. Pre-treatments longer than 25 min modify the surface topography further and give less direct Al-O-Si bonding, although the total BTSE adsorption is essentially constant and the adhesion remains strong enough to survive the sonication test. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {ADHESION, ALLOY-COATED STEEL, aluminum, corrosion, DURABILITY, GAMMA-GLYCIDOXYPROPYLTRIMETHOXYSILANE, metals, silane adsorption, SILANES, SIMS, surface pre-treatment, SURFACES, TECHNOLOGY, TOF-SIMS, XPS},
	isbn = {0169-4332},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000187721700043},
	author = {Teo, M. and Kim, J. and Wong, P. C. and Wong, K. C. and Mitchell, K. A. R.}
}
@article {5111,
	title = {Characterization of aluminum surfaces after different pretreatments and exposure to silane coupling agents},
	journal = {Surface Review and Letters},
	volume = {8},
	number = {1-2},
	year = {2001},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 424EFTimes Cited: 11Cited Reference Count: 34},
	month = {Feb-Apr},
	pages = {43-50},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) have been used to characterize surfaces of aluminum which have been pretreated by mechanical polishing, acid etching and alkaline etching, as well as given subsequent exposures to air and water. These surfaces can differ markedly with regard to their chemical compositions and topographical structures. Characterizations of these surfaces after exposures to three organosilanes, gamma -GPS, BTSE and gamma -APS, indicate that the amount of silane adsorbed in each case shows a tendency to increase both with the number of OH groups detected at the oxidized aluminum and with the surface roughness. The XPS data are consistent with the adhesion of gamma -APS occurring through H bonding, especially via NH3+ groups.},
	keywords = {ADHESION, DURABILITY, GROWTH, INTERFACES, OXIDATION, OXIDE, photoelectron, THIN-FILMS, XPS},
	isbn = {0218-625X},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000168218600007},
	author = {Kono, M. and Sun, X. and Li, R. and Wong, K. C. and Mitchell, K. A. R. and Foster, T.}
}
