@article {2007,
	title = {Microstructural effects on the formation and degradation of zinc phosphate coatings on 2024-Al alloy},
	journal = {Applied Surface Science},
	volume = {254},
	number = {15},
	year = {2008},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 295YWTimes Cited: 2Cited Reference Count: 26Akhtar, A. S. Wong, P. C. Wong, K. C. Mitchell, K. A. R.},
	month = {May},
	pages = {4813-4819},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The formation of zinc phosphate (ZPO) coatings on 2024-T3 aluminum alloy was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), scanning Auger microscopy (SAM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), with an emphasis on microstructural effects involving second-phase particles and the alloy matrix. Surface polishing results in an Al-Cu-Mg particle surface that contains metallic Cu as well as an overlayer of aluminum and magnesium oxide, while larger amounts of aluminum oxide are present on the Al-Cu-Fe-Mn particle and matrix. When dipped in an acidic ZPO coating solution, the oxide covering the Al-Cu-Mg particle is etched most easily, and metallic Cu near the surface makes that region most cathodic, allowing more coating deposition compared with the other regions. The oxides on the Al-Cu-Fe-Mn and matrix regions are similar, thereby confirming that the observed differences in ZPO coating characteristics at these two regions arise from their underlying electrochemical characteristics. Immersion of a coated 2024-Al sample in corrosive NaCl solution for extended periods indicates that the ZPO provides better protection to the second-phase particles than to the matrix. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {7075-T6, ALKALINE STABILITY, aluminum alloy, ALUMINUM-ALLOY, Auger electron spectroscopy, BEHAVIOR, corrosion, CORROSION PROTECTION, INITIATION, MICROSTRUCTURE, NI2+, PARTICLES, PHASE, surface oxide, zinc phosphating},
	isbn = {0169-4332},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000255511700063},
	author = {Akhtar, A. S. and Wong, P. C. and Wong, K. C. and Mitchell, K. A. R.}
}
@article {1000,
	title = {Microstructural effects on the initiation of zinc phosphate coatings on 2024-T3 aluminum alloy},
	journal = {Applied Surface Science},
	volume = {239},
	number = {1},
	year = {2004},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 871NRTimes Cited: 22Cited Reference Count: 67},
	month = {Dec},
	pages = {45-59},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The initiation of coatings deposited on to 2024-T3 aluminum alloy from supersaturated zinc phosphating solutions has been studied using scanning Auger microscopy (SAM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The alloy microstructure, especially associated with the second-phase particles, strongly affects the formation stages of the coating process, where etching of the substrate has a significant role. At the start, zinc phosphate (ZPO) crystals form on the Al-Cu-Mg second-phase particles, rather than on the matrix or on the Al-Cu-Fe-Mn particles, with the initial nucleation appearing at interfaces between Al-Cu-Mg particles and the matrix. In contrast, the formation of the ZPO coating is delayed on the cathodic Al-Cu-Fe-Mn particles, compared to those of the Al-Cu-Mg composition. When the coating process is completed, the whole sample surface is covered with ZPO although its thickness varies at the different micro-regions. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {7075-T6, AA2024-T3, aluminum alloy, ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY, CONVERSION COATINGS, ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY, INTERGRANULAR CORROSION, LOCALIZED CORROSION, PERCENT CU ALLOY, phosphating, PITTING CORROSION, SAM, SEM, surface microstructure, TITANIUM PHOSPHATE, XPS},
	isbn = {0169-4332},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000225140900007},
	author = {Susac, D. and Sun, X. and Li, R. Y. and Wong, K. C. and Wong, P. C. and Mitchell, K. A. R. and Champaneria, R.}
}
