@article {936,
	title = {Iodide effects in transition metal catalyzed reactions},
	journal = {Dalton Transactions},
	number = {21},
	year = {2004},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 865WTTimes Cited: 16Cited Reference Count: 153},
	pages = {3409-3419},
	type = {Review},
	abstract = {The unique properties of I- allow it to be involved in several different ways in reactions catalyzed by the late transition metals: in the oxidative addition, the migration, and the coupling/reductive elimination steps, as well as in substrate activation. Most steps are accelerated by I- (for example through an increased nucleophilicity of the metal center), but some are retarded, because a coordination site is blocked. The "soft" iodide ligand binds more strongly to soft metals (low oxidation state, electron rich, and polarizable) such as the later and heavier transition metals, than do the other halides, or N- and O-centered ligands. Hence in a catalytic cycle that includes the metal in a formally low oxidation state there will be less tendency for the metal to precipitate ( and be removed from the cycle) in the presence of I- than most other ligands. Iodide is a good nucleophile and is also easily and reversibly oxidized to I-2. In addition, I- can play key roles in purely organic reactions that occur as part of a catalytic cycle. Thus to understand the function of iodide requires careful analysis, since two or sometimes more effects occur in different steps of one single cycle. Each of these topics is illustrated with examples of the influence of iodide from homogeneous catalytic reactions in the literature: methanol carbonylation to acetic acid and related reactions; CO hydrogenation; imine hydrogenation; and C-C and C-N coupling reactions. General features are summarised in the Conclusions.},
	keywords = {ASYMMETRIC HYDROGENATION, BETA-KETO-ESTERS, CARBON-MONOXIDE, DETECT SPECIES PRESENT, HIGHLY ENANTIOSELECTIVE HYDROGENATION, METHANOL CARBONYLATION, OXIDATIVE-ADDITION, PARAHYDROGEN INDUCED, polarization, QUATERNARY ONIUM SALTS, REDUCTIVE ELIMINATION},
	isbn = {1477-9226},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000224735600001},
	author = {Maitlis, P. M. and Haynes, A. and James, Brian R. and Catellani, M. and Chiusoli, G. P.}
}
@article {4012,
	title = {Synthesis of chiral amines catalyzed homogeneously by metal complexes},
	journal = {Catalysis Today},
	volume = {37},
	number = {2},
	year = {1997},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: XQ681Times Cited: 86Cited Reference Count: 73},
	month = {Aug},
	pages = {209-221},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {This review describes developments in catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation of prochiral imines. The homogeneous systems were initially dominated by ones based on Rh complexes containing chiral, chelating diphosphine ligands, although related Ru-and Ir-based systems are becoming more prominent; a very recent, extremely effective hydrogen transfer system (from formic acid), based on Ru catalysts containing chiral 1,2-diamine ligands, is especially significant. A fundamentally different type involving an early transition-metal catalyst (a chiral titanocene) has been reported. Enantiomeric excess (e.e.) values in the range of 90-100\% have now been achieved with certain substrates. Emphasis is given to some Rh and Ru catalysts developed in the Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia (UBC). Factors discussed include: dependence of conversions, rates and e.e. values on substrate and catalyst type; kinetic dependences; and mechanistic insights, especially possible roles of intermediate metal-hydride and -imine species.},
	keywords = {ASYMMETRIC REDUCTIVE AMINATION, DIASTEREOSELECTIVE, HIGHLY ENANTIOSELECTIVE HYDROGENATION, HYDROGENATION, IMINE HYDROGENATION, KINETIC, PHOSPHINE COMPLEXES, RESOLUTION, rhodium, RUTHENIUM(II) COMPLEXES, SYSTEMS, TITANOCENE CATALYST},
	isbn = {0920-5861},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1997XQ68100009},
	author = {James, Brian R.}
}
