@article {2345,
	title = {Phylogenetic ecology of leaf surface traits in the milkweeds (Asclepias spp.): chemistry, ecophysiology, and insect behavior},
	journal = {New Phytologist},
	volume = {183},
	number = {3},
	year = {2009},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 472AKTimes Cited: 4Cited Reference Count: 89Agrawal, Anurag A. Fishbein, Mark Jetter, Reinhard Salminen, Juha-Pekka Goldstein, Jessica B. Freitag, Amy E. Sparks, Jed P.},
	pages = {848-867},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {P>The leaf surface is the contact point between plants and the environment and plays a crucial role in mediating biotic and abiotic interactions. Here, we took a phylogenetic approach to investigate the function, trade-offs, and evolution of leaf surface traits in the milkweeds (Asclepias). Across 47 species, we found trichome densities of up to 3000 trichomes cm(-2) and epicuticular wax crystals (glaucousness) on 10 species. Glaucous species had a characteristic wax composition dominated by very-long-chain aldehydes. The ancestor of the milkweeds was probably a glaucous species, from which there have been several independent origins of glabrous and pubescent types. Trichomes and wax crystals showed negatively correlated evolution, with both surface types showing an affinity for arid habitats. Pubescent and glaucous milkweeds had a higher maximum photosynthetic rate and lower stomatal density than glabrous species. Pubescent and glaucous leaf surfaces impeded settling behavior of monarch caterpillars and aphids compared with glabrous species, although surface types did not show consistent differentiation in secondary chemistry. We hypothesize that pubescence and glaucousness have evolved as alternative mechanisms with similar functions. The glaucous type, however, appears to be ancestral, lost repeatedly, and never regained; we propose that trichomes are a more evolutionarily titratable strategy. New Phytologist (2009) 183: 848-867doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02897.x.},
	keywords = {adaptation to arid environments, ALDEHYDES, CARBON ISOTOPE DISCRIMINATION, cardenolides, CHARACTERS, CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION, cuticular, cuticular waxes, DISCRETE, EPICUTICULAR WAX CRYSTALS, EVOLUTION, IN-VITRO RECONSTITUTION, LEAVES, monarch butterfly caterpillar (Danaus plexippus), plant defense, STRATEGIES, syndromes, trichomes, UV PHOTOPROTECTION, water use efficiency, waxes},
	isbn = {0028-646X},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000268100800031},
	author = {Agrawal, A. A. and Fishbein, M. and Jetter, R. and Salminen, J. P. and Goldstein, J. B. and Freitag, A. E. and Sparks, J. P.}
}
@article {2537,
	title = {Reactions of Tertiary Phosphines with Alcohols in Aqueous Media},
	journal = {Inorganic Chemistry},
	volume = {48},
	number = {1},
	year = {2009},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 388HUTimes Cited: 4Cited Reference Count: 29Moiseev, Dmitry V. Patrick, Brian O. James, Brian R.},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {239-245},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The phosphines R2R{\textquoteright}P [R = R{\textquoteright} = Me, Et, Pr-n, Pr-i, (CH2)(3)OH; Me2PhP and MePh2P] react with 2- or 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohols, including "lignin-type" vanillyl, syringyl, and alpha-methylvanillyl alcohols, in a 1:1 ratio in aqueous media, to give zwitterionic phosphobetaine products; these on treatment with aq HCl form the corresponding phosphonium chlorides in good to excellent yields. The syringyl derivative [3,5-(OMe)(2)-4-OH-C6H2CH2PEt3]Cl was structurally characterized by X-ray analysis. Kinetically, the reactivity of the benzyl alcohols, studied with the water-soluble [HO(CH2)(3)](3)P, decreases with substituents in the order 2-hydroxy > 4-hydroxy > vanillyl > syringyl > alpha-methylvanillyl, while 3-hydroxybenzyl alcohol is unreactive; the trend is consistent with reactivity requiring the presence of an ortho- or para-OH substituent in the aromatic ring of the alcohol, and that the reactions proceed via a carbocation species stabilized as a quinone methide. Triethylphosphine reacts with coniferyl alcohol at the C=C moiety to give a zwitterionic intermediate that is again converted by aq HCl to a phosphonium chloride; no reaction was observed with cinnamyl alcohol. The effect on a phenolic pK(a) by incorporation of a phosphonium substituent is also measured.},
	keywords = {ALDEHYDES, BENZYL, FACILE SYNTHESIS, LIGNIN, PHOSPHONIUM SALTS, QUINONE METHIDE},
	isbn = {0020-1669},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000262011700032},
	author = {Moiseev, D. V. and Patrick, B. O. and James, Brian R.}
}
@article {1499,
	title = {New oligophosphines and (hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chlorides},
	journal = {Inorganic Chemistry},
	volume = {45},
	number = {7},
	year = {2006},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 028HCTimes Cited: 6Cited Reference Count: 46},
	month = {Apr},
	pages = {2917-2924},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {{The new oligophosphines [H2P(CH2)(2)](2)PH, [H2P(CH2)(2)P(H)CH2](2), and {[(H2P(CH2)(2)](2)PCH2}(2) have been made by hydrophosphination of diethyl vinylphosphonate (2) with H2P(CH2)(2)PH2 (1), using different ratios of 2/1, followed by LiAlH4 reduction of the phosphonate intermediates; the three phosphonate precursors were obtained as oils of varying purity (similar to 90-95\%) in low (similar to 20\%) to almost quantitative yield. The tri-, tetra-, and hexaphosphines were then treated with formaldehyde in the presence of hydrochloric acid to generate the corresponding water-soluble (hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chlorides {(HOCH2)(3)P[(CH2)(2)P(CH2OH)(2)](n)(CH2)(2)P(CH2PH)(3)}Cl-m (n = 1},
	keywords = {ALDEHYDES, BRIGHTNESS STABILIZING AGENTS, COMPLEXES, CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE, DERIVATIVES, FORMALDEHYDE, LIGANDS, phosphines, SALTS, WATER},
	isbn = {0020-1669},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000236476700018},
	author = {Moiseev, D. and James, Brian R. and Patrick, B. O. and Hu, Thomas Q.}
}
@article {1499,
	title = {New oligophosphines and (hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chlorides},
	journal = {Inorganic Chemistry},
	volume = {45},
	number = {7},
	year = {2006},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 028HCTimes Cited: 6Cited Reference Count: 46},
	month = {Apr},
	pages = {2917-2924},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {{The new oligophosphines [H2P(CH2)(2)](2)PH, [H2P(CH2)(2)P(H)CH2](2), and {[(H2P(CH2)(2)](2)PCH2}(2) have been made by hydrophosphination of diethyl vinylphosphonate (2) with H2P(CH2)(2)PH2 (1), using different ratios of 2/1, followed by LiAlH4 reduction of the phosphonate intermediates; the three phosphonate precursors were obtained as oils of varying purity (similar to 90-95\%) in low (similar to 20\%) to almost quantitative yield. The tri-, tetra-, and hexaphosphines were then treated with formaldehyde in the presence of hydrochloric acid to generate the corresponding water-soluble (hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chlorides {(HOCH2)(3)P[(CH2)(2)P(CH2OH)(2)](n)(CH2)(2)P(CH2PH)(3)}Cl-m (n = 1},
	keywords = {ALDEHYDES, BRIGHTNESS STABILIZING AGENTS, COMPLEXES, CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE, DERIVATIVES, FORMALDEHYDE, LIGANDS, phosphines, SALTS, WATER},
	isbn = {0020-1669},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000236476700018},
	author = {Moiseev, D. and James, Brian R. and Patrick, B. O. and Hu, Thomas Q.}
}
@article {4860,
	title = {Nickel bromide as a hydrogen transfer catalyst},
	journal = {Chemical Communications},
	number = {17},
	year = {2000},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 347EQTimes Cited: 22Cited Reference Count: 25},
	pages = {1647-1648},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Catalysed transfer hydrogenation of a range of organics is achieved using NiBr2 in alkaline (PrOH)-Pr-i.},
	keywords = {ACETOPHENONE, ALCOHOLS, ALDEHYDES, ASYMMETRIC TRANSFER HYDROGENATION, COMPLEXES, KETONES, LIGANDS, PROPAN-2-OL, REDUCTION},
	isbn = {1359-7345},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000088914800044},
	author = {Le Page, M. D. and James, Brian R.}
}
@article {4023,
	title = {Synthesis of C-aryl-N-(2-hydroxyphenylmethyl)-nitrones and their reaction with diphenylborinic or carboxylic acid derivatives. Crystal and molecular structures of a free nitrone ligand and its diphenyl-boron chelate},
	journal = {Canadian Journal of Chemistry-Revue Canadienne De Chimie},
	volume = {75},
	number = {12},
	year = {1997},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: YU603Times Cited: 6Cited Reference Count: 62},
	month = {Dec},
	pages = {1830-1843},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {{The syntheses of a number of aromatic aldonitrones of N-(2-hydroxyphenylmethyl)hydroxylamine and their subsequent reactions with diphenylborinic or carboxylic acid derivatives are reported. Crystals of 8-(4-dimethylaminophenylmethylene)-6,6-diphenyl-5,7-dioxa-8-azonia-6-bor ata-5H-6,7,8,9-tetrahydrobenzocycloheptene, 2b, are triclinic},
	keywords = {2-METHYLINDOLE, ALDEHYDES, aromatic aldonitrones, C-13 NMR-SPECTRA, crystal structures, HYDROGEN-BOND, N-(2-HYDROXYALKYL)NITRONES, N-(3-HYDROXYALKYL)NITRONES, N-OXIDE, NITROSOBENZENES, ORGANOBORON COMPOUNDS, RING-CHAIN ISOMERISM},
	isbn = {0008-4042},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000071734500005},
	author = {Kliegel, W. and Metge, J. and Rettig, S. J. and Trotter, J.}
}
