@article {4611,
	title = {A H-1-NMR study of the permeation of glycolic acid through phospholipid membranes},
	journal = {Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta-Biomembranes},
	volume = {1416},
	number = {1-2},
	year = {1999},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 162BFTimes Cited: 10Cited Reference Count: 31},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {333-338},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The transmembrane permeability coefficient of the alpha-hydroxyacid, glycolic acid, has been measured for egg phosphatidylcholine large unilamellar vesicles. The determination of the vesicle concentration independent first-order rate constant for membrane transport and the permeability coefficient were made using an NMR technique employing shift agents. Both the temperature dependence and the dependence on cholesterol content were investigated. The activation energy and the Arrhenius pre-exponential factor were found to be dependent on the cholesterol content. A marked increase in both parameters was observed up to 20 mol\% cholesterol, with a further, small increase up to 50\%. The pH dependence of permeability was also investigated. An increase in permeability is observed with a decrease in pH, providing a possible explanation for the effectiveness of glycolic acid in skin treatment. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {ACETIC-ACID, acne, aging of the, BILAYER-MEMBRANES, CHOLESTEROL, CHOLESTEROL CONTENT, glycolic acid, H-1-NMR, HUMAN ERYTHROCYTES, LAIDLAWII-B-CELLS, LARGE UNILAMELLAR VESICLES, lipid, NONELECTROLYTE, NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE, permeability, SKIN, transmembrane permeability, TRANSPORT, WATER},
	isbn = {0005-2736},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000078324700030},
	author = {Males, R. G. and Herring, F. G.}
}
@article {3336,
	title = {SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYFUNCTIONAL CROSS-LINKING AGENTS FOR CYANATE RESINS},
	journal = {Journal of Polymer Science Part a-Polymer Chemistry},
	volume = {33},
	number = {8},
	year = {1995},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: QX924Times Cited: 9Cited Reference Count: 13},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {1191-1202},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {An efficient crosslinking monomer for a mixed cyanate/epoxy resin system, bisphenol-A-monocyanate monoglycidyl ether 3, has been synthesized and characterized. The intermediate compound, the monoglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A 2, was also isolated and purified by extraction and chromatographic separation using a silica gel column. The cyanate functional group in the crosslinking monomer 3 can be cured easily by heat to form a triazine structure 8, but the epoxy functional group in the crosslinking monomer 3 can not be cured without affecting the cyanate group because the latter is more reactive both under heat and basic conditions. A practical approach for the application of the crosslinking monomer 3 is discussed and tested. Most interestingly, under heat curing, a very tough and strong resin material was produced from this crosslinking mixed resin mixture. By using a secondary amine, diethylamine, as a curing agent, the cyanate groups in the crosslinking monomer 3 react to form the structures 11 or 12, depending on the molar ratio of monomer 3 to diethylamine. A bifunctional crosslinking agent for a mixed cyanate (thermoset) and polyolefin (thermoplastic) resin system, 8-allylphenyl cyanate 16, has also been synthesized and characterized. Like 3, 2-allylphenyl cyanate 16 easily forms the crosslinking triazine compound 17 upon heating. 17 is a crystalline solid with mp = 110-111 degrees C. As a crosslinking agent, 8-allylphenyl cyanate 16 reacts not only with itself, but also with other cyanates to form heterogeneous triazine rings, exemplified by triazines 18 and 19. Even though it does not self polymerize through the allyl double bond, it can copolymerize with an other olefinic monomer, such as methyl methacrylate, to form a crosslinked and insoluble polymer. (C) 1995 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.},
	keywords = {C-13-NMR, CROSS-LINKING AGENTS, CYANATE RESIN, EPOXY RESIN, H-1-NMR, N-15-NMR, POLYOLEFIN},
	isbn = {0887-624X},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1995QX92400001},
	author = {Fyfe, C. A. and Niu, J. and Mok, K.}
}
