@article {2366,
	title = {Calorimetric studies of the interaction between the insulin-enhancing drug candidate bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(IV) (BMOV) and human serum apo-transferrin},
	journal = {Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry},
	volume = {103},
	number = {4},
	year = {2009},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 429EUTimes Cited: 8Cited Reference Count: 31Bordbar, Abdol-Khalegh Creagh, A. Louise Mohammadi, Fakhrossadat Haynes, Charles A. Orvig, Chris6th International Vanadium SymposiumJUL 17-19, 2008Lisbon, PORTUGALSp. Iss. SI},
	month = {Apr},
	pages = {643-647},
	type = {Proceedings Paper},
	abstract = {Bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(IV) (BMOV), and its ethylmaltol analog, bis(ethymaltolato)oxovanadium(IV) (BEOV), are candidate insulin-enhancing agents for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus; in mid-2008, BEOV advanced to phase 11 clinical testing. The interactions of BMOV and its inorganic congener, vanadyl Sulfate (VOSO4), with human serum apo-transferrin (hTf) were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Addition of BMOV or VOSO4 to apo-hTf resulted in an increase in thermal stability of both the C- and N-lobes of transferrin as a result of binding to either vanadyl compound. A series of DSC thermograms of hTf Solutions containing different molar ratios of BMOV and VOSO4 were used to determine binding constants: at 25 degrees C the binding constants of BMOV to the C- and N-lobes of apo-hTf were found to be 3 (+/- 1) x 10(5) and 1.8 (+/- 0.7) x 10(5) M-1, respectively. The cot-responding values for VOSO4 were 1.7 (+/- 0.3) x 10(5) and 7 (+/- 2) x 10(4) M-1. The results show that the vanadium species initially presented as either BMOV or VOSO4 had similar affinities for human serum transferrin due to oxidation of solvated vanadyl(IV) prior to complexation to transferrin. Binding of metavanadate (VO3-) was confirmed by DSC and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) experiments of the interaction between sodium metavanadate (NaVO3) and hTf. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Apo-transferrin, BINDING, BIS(MALTOLATO)OXOVANADIUM(IV), CHEMISTRY, COMPLEXES, Insulin-enhancing, iron, MALTOL, MOLYBDENUM, NICKEL, RATS, STABILITY, VANADIUM},
	isbn = {0162-0134},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000264904400022},
	author = {Bordbar, A. K. and Creagh, A. L. and Mohammadi, F. and Haynes, C. A. and Orvig, Chris}
}
@article {2637,
	title = {Vanadium treatment of type 2 diabetes: A view to the future},
	journal = {Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry},
	volume = {103},
	number = {4},
	year = {2009},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 429EUTimes Cited: 20Cited Reference Count: 41Thompson, Katherine H. Lichter, Jay LeBel, Carl Scaife, Michael C. McNeill, John H. Orvig, Chris6th International Vanadium SymposiumJUL 17-19, 2008Lisbon, PORTUGALSp. Iss. SI},
	month = {Apr},
	pages = {554-558},
	type = {Proceedings Paper},
	abstract = {3-Hydroxy-2-methyl-4-pryone and 2-ethyl 3-hydroxy-4-pyrone (maltol and ethyl maltol, respectively) have proven especially suitable a ligands for vanadyl tons, fit potential insulin enhancing agents for diabetes mellitus. Both bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(IV) (BMOV), and the ethylmaltol analog, bis(ethylmaltolato)oxovanadium(IV) (BEOV), have the desired intermediate stability for pro-drug use, and have undergone extensive pie-clinical testing for safety and efficacy. Pharmacokinetic evaluation indicates a pattern of biodistribution consistent with fairly rapid dissociation and uptake, binding to serum transferrin for systemic circulation and transport to tissues, with preferential uptake in bone. These bis-ligand oxovanadium(IV) (VOL2) compounds have a clear advantage over inorganic vanadyl sulfate in terms of bioavailability and pharmaceutical efficacy. BEOV has now completed Phase I and has advanced to Phase II clinical trials. In the Phase I trial, a ran-e of doses horn 10 mg, to 90 mg BEOV, given orally to non-diabetic volunteers, resulted in no adverse effects, all biochemical parameters remained within normal limits. In the Phase IIa trial, BEOV (AKP-020). 20 mg, daily for 28 clays, per os, in seven type 2 diabetic Subjects, was associated with reductions in fasting blood and glucose and \%HbA1c; improved responses to oral glucose tolerance testing, versus, the observed worsening of diabetic symptoms in the two placebo controls. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {BIODISTRIBUTION, bis(ethylmaltolato)oxovanadium(IV), BIS(MALTOLATO)OXOVANADIUM(IV), CHEMISTRY, Diabetes mellitus, IN-VIVO, INSULIN SENSITIVITY, MALTOL, METAL-COMPLEXES, RATS, SERUM, SKELETAL-MUSCLE, SULFATE, VANADIUM},
	isbn = {0162-0134},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000264904400011},
	author = {Thompson, K. H. and Lichter, J. and Lebel, C. and Scaife, M. C. and McNeill, J. H. and Orvig, Chris}
}
@article {1204,
	title = {Synthesis and characterization of dual function vanadyl, gallium and indium curcumin complexes for medicinal applications},
	journal = {Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry},
	volume = {99},
	number = {11},
	year = {2005},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 984RUTimes Cited: 22Cited Reference Count: 41},
	month = {Nov},
	pages = {2217-2225},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Novel bis[4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl]-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione (curcumin) complexes with the formula, ML3, where M is Ga(III) or In(III), or of the formula, ML2 where M is [Vo](2+), have been synthesized and characterized by mass spectrometry, infrared and absorption spectroscopies, and elemental analysis. A new ligand, bis[4-acetyl-3-hydroxyphenyl]-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione (diacetylbisdemethoxycurcumin, DABC) was similarly characterized; an X-ray structure analysis was performed. Vanadyl complexes tested in an acute i.p. testing protocol in STZ-diabetic rats showed a lack of insulin enhancing potential. Vanadyl complexes were, however, more cytotoxic than were the ligands alone in standard MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl]ate, -2.5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide) cytotoxicity testing, using mouse lymphoma cells. With the exception of DABC, that was not different from VO(DABC)(2), the complexes were not significantly different from one another, with IC50 values in the 5-10 mu M range. Gallium and indium curcumin complexes had IC50 values in the same 5-10 mu M range; whereas Ga(DAC)(3) and In(DAC)(3) (where DAC = diacetylcurcumin) were much less cytotoxiC (IC50 = 20-30 mu M). Antioxidant capacity was decreased in VO(DAC)(2), Ga(DAC)(3), and In(DAC)(3),, compared to vanadyl, gallium and indium curcumin, corroborating the importance of curcumin{\textquoteright}s free phenolic OH groups for scavenging oxidants, and correlated with reduced cytotoxic potential. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {ANALOGS, antioxidant capacity, ANTIOXIDANT MECHANISM, ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY, BINDING, COORDINATION CHEMISTRY, curcumin, cytotoxicity, DERIVATIVES, diacetylcurcumin, gallium, GROUP, indium, INSULIN MIMICS, MANGANESE COMPLEXES, RADICAL SCAVENGING ABILITY, TOXICITY, VANADIUM},
	isbn = {0162-0134},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000233322800012},
	author = {Mohammadi, K. and Thompson, K. H. and Patrick, B. O. and Storr, T. and Martins, C. and Polishchuk, E. and Yuen, V. G. and McNeill, J. H. and Orvig, Chris}
}
@article {1219,
	title = {Synthesis and insulin-mimetic activities of metal complexes with 3-hydroxypyridine-2-carboxylic acid},
	journal = {Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry},
	volume = {99},
	number = {6},
	year = {2005},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 934IJTimes Cited: 16Cited Reference Count: 28},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {1275-1282},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Metal complexes of 3-hydroxypyridine-2-carboxylic acid (H(2)hpic), [Co(Hhpic)(2)(H2O)(2)] (1), [Fe(Hhpic)(2)(H2O)(2)] (2), [Zn(Hhpic)(2)(H2O)(2)] (3), [Mn(Hhpic)(2)(H2O)(2)] (4), and [Cu(Hhpic)(2)] (5) have been synthesized and characterized by mass spectrometry, elemental analysis, magnetic susceptibility, infrared, electronic absorption and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopies. The solid-state structure of 1 has been established by X-ray crystallography. The EPR spectra of 4 and 5 displayed six and four-line hyperfine splitting patterns, respectively, due to coupling of the unpaired electron with the Mn-55 (I=5/2) nucleus and the Cu-63 (I=3/2) nucleus. In the EPR spectrum of 5, an additional five-line super-hyperfine splitting pattern was observed at 77 K, caused by additional interaction of the unpaired electron with ligand nitrogen atoms (I=1), indicating that the structure of 5 was retained in dimethyl sulfoxide solution. The insulin-mimetic activity of these complexes was evaluated by means of in vitro measurements of the inhibition of free fatty acid (FFA) release from epinephrine-treated, isolated rat adipocytes. Complex 5 was found to exhibit the most potent insulin-mimetic activity among the complexes examined in this study. (C) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {3-hydroxypyridine-2-carboxylic acid (H(2)hpic), CHEMISTRY, DIABETIC-RATS, GLUCOSE, insulin-mimetic drug, MECHANISM, MONONUCLEAR, RAT ADIPOCYTES, VANADIUM},
	isbn = {0162-0134},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000229702200002},
	author = {Nakai, M. and Sekiguchi, F. and Obata, M. and Ohtsuki, C. and Adachi, Y. and Sakurai, H. and Orvig, Chris and Rehder, D. and Yano, S.}
}
@article {1011,
	title = {Comparison of anti-hyperglycemic effect amongst vanadium, molybdenum and other metal maltol complexes},
	journal = {Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry},
	volume = {98},
	number = {5},
	year = {2004},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 824HVTimes Cited: 37Cited Reference Count: 7411th International Conference on Biological Inorganic ChemistryJUL 19-23, 2003Cairns, AUSTRALIA},
	month = {May},
	pages = {683-690},
	type = {Proceedings Paper},
	abstract = {A wide variety of vanadium-containing complexes have been tested, both in vivo and in vitro, as possible therapeutic agents for the oral treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. None so far has surpassed bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(IV) (BMOV) for glucose- and lipid-lowering in an orally available formulation. Ligand choice is clearly an important factor in pharmacological efficacy of vanadium compounds as insulin enhancing agents. In this study, we kept the ligand and dose the same, varying instead the metal ion bound to the maltolato ligand in a series of binary complexes of neutral charge. A requirement for vanadyl ion as the metal ion of choice was apparent; no other metal ion tested served as a suitable substitute. Amongst [MoO2](2+), Co(II), Cu(II), Cr(III), and Zn(II), only [MoO2](2+) and Co(II) showed any hypoglycemic activity at the ED50 dose for bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(IV), 0.6 mmol kg(-1) by oral gavage in streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats within 72 It of administration of compound. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {ABSORPTION, CHROMIUM, cobalt, COORDINATION MODE, copper, DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS, GLUCOSE-METABOLISM, IN-VIVO, INSULIN, LIPID-METABOLISM, MOLYBDENUM, RATS, VANADIUM, zinc, ZINC SUPPLEMENTATION},
	isbn = {0162-0134},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000221678300004},
	author = {Thompson, K. H. and Chiles, J. and Yuen, V. G. and Tse, J. and McNeill, J. H. and Orvig, Chris}
}
@article {879,
	title = {Reactivity of (trimpsi)V(NO)X-2 complexes (X = Cl, Br, I; trimpsi = (BuSi)-Bu-t(CH2PMe2)(3)). Synthesis of the first group 5 alkyl nitrosyls},
	journal = {Organometallics},
	volume = {23},
	number = {4},
	year = {2004},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 772ZFTimes Cited: 4Cited Reference Count: 40},
	month = {Feb},
	pages = {657-664},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Treatment of (trimpsi)V(NO)Cl-2 (trimpsi = (BuSi)-Bu-t(CH2PMe2)(3)) in NEt3 with 2 equiv each of p-toluic acid and Proton Sponge affords lemon yellow (trimpsi)V(NO)(eta(1)-O2C-4-C6H4Me)(2) (1) in 47\% isolated yield. Similarly, reaction of (trimpsi)V(NO)Cl-2 with 2 equiv of AgOTf in CH2Cl2 provides lemon yellow (trimpsi)V(NO)(OTf)(2) (2) in a comparable yield. Alternatively, 2 can be obtained directly in 40\% yield by treating CH2Cl2 solutions of (trimpsi)V(CO)(2)(NO) at -60 degreesC with 2 equiv of AgOTf. Likewise, both benzoyl peroxide and diphenyl disulfide are capable of oxidizing (trimpsi)V(CO)(2)(NO) under similar conditions to form (trimpsi)V(NO)X-2-type complexes, namely (trimpsi)V(NO)(O2CPh)(2) (3) and (trimpsi)V(NO)(SPh)(2) (4), respectively. The reactions of (trimpsi)V(NO)X-2 (X = Cl, Br) with Mg(CH2SiMe3)(2)(.)x(dioxane) (either 0.5 equiv or an excess) in THF afford the orange-red alkyl complexes (trimpsi)V(NO)(CH2SiMe3)X (X = Cl (5), Br (6)) in reasonable yields. Other members of this family of complexes such as (trimpsi)V(NO)(CH2CMe3)Cl (7) and (trimpsi)V(NO)(Me)Cl (8) can also be obtained by employing similar metathetical methodology, but all attempts to synthesize (trimpsi)V(NO)(alkyl)2 complexes have to date been unsuccessful. All new complexes have been fully characterized by standard methods, and the solid-state molecular structures of 1(.)1.5C(6)H(5)Me and 5(.)2C(4)H(8)O have been established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses.},
	keywords = {CHEMISTRY, CP{\textquoteright}M(NO)R2, CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES, DERIVATIVES, H BOND ACTIVATION, MOLYBDENUM, THERMAL-ACTIVATION, TUNGSTEN, V METAL-CARBONYLS, VANADIUM},
	isbn = {0276-7333},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000188872700007},
	author = {Hayton, T. W. and Patrick, B. O. and Legzdins,Peter}
}
@article {734,
	title = {Vanadium and niobium diamidophosphine complexes and their reactivity},
	journal = {Canadian Journal of Chemistry-Revue Canadienne De Chimie},
	volume = {81},
	number = {12},
	year = {2003},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 751CNTimes Cited: 7Cited Reference Count: 27},
	month = {Dec},
	pages = {1431-1437},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The tridentate ligand precursors R{\textquoteright}P(CH2SiMe2NR")(2) ((R{\textquoteright}R{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright})[NPN]: R{\textquoteright} = Cy, Ph; R" = Ph, Mes, Me) were prepared from metathesis reactions of a lithiated amine, chloro(chloromethyl)dimethylsilane, the appropriate 1degrees phosphine, and n-butyl lithium and were isolated as solvent adducts. Metathesis between (CyPh)[NPN]Li-2(OEt2), 2, and VCl3(THF)(3) afforded ((CyPh)[NPN]VCl)(2), 7, whose solid-state structure was established by X-ray crystallography. Reduction attempts of the ((R{\textquoteright}R{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright})[NPN]VCl)(2) species with KC8 incorporated molecular nitrogen but were complicated by imide formation and ligand decomposition. Metathesis of 2 with NbCl2Me3 afforded the highly unstable complex (CyPh)[NPN]NbMe3, 15. Attempts to hydrogenate this species were unsuccessful.},
	keywords = {3-COORDINATE MOLYBDENUM(III), BRIDGING N-2 UNIT, COORDINATION, COORDINATION CHEMISTRY, DINITROGEN COMPLEX, END-ON, FUNCTIONALIZATION, HYDROGENATION, LIGAND, METATHESIS, NIOBIUM, REDUCTION, REDUCTIVE CLEAVAGE, SIDE-ON, TANTALUM COMPLEX, VANADIUM},
	isbn = {0008-4042},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000187035400001},
	author = {Shaver, M. P. and Thomson, R. K. and Patrick, B. O. and Fryzuk,Michael D.}
}
@article {393,
	title = {Differing reactivities of (trimpsi)M(CO)(2)(NO) complexes [M = V, Nb, Ta; trimpsi = (BuSi)-Bu-t(CH2PMe2)(3)] with halogens and halogen sources},
	journal = {Inorganic Chemistry},
	volume = {41},
	number = {21},
	year = {2002},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 605KHTimes Cited: 11Cited Reference Count: 55},
	month = {Oct},
	pages = {5388-5396},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Treatment of (trimpsi)V(CO)(2)(NO) (trimpsi = (BuSi)-Bu-t(CH2PMe2)(3)) with 1 equiv of PhlCl(2) or C2Cl6 or 2 equiv of AgCl affords (trimpsi)V(NO)Cl-2 (1) in moderate yields. Likewise, (trimpsi)V(NO)Br-2 (2) and (trimpsi)V(NO)\(2) (3) are formed by the reactions of (trimpsi)V(CO)(2)(NO) with Br-2 and l(2), respectively. The complexes (trimpsi)M(NO)l(2)(PMe3) (M = Nb, 4; Ta, 5) can be isolated in moderate to low yields when the (trimpsi)M(CO)(2)(NO) compounds are sequentially treated with 1 equiv of l(2) and excess PMe3. The reaction of (trimpsi)V(CO)(2)(NO) with 2 equiv of CINO forms 1 in low yield, but the reactions of (trimpsi)M(CO)(2)(NO) (M = Nb, Ta) with 1 equiv of CINO generate (trimpsi)M(NO)(2)Cl (M = Nb, 6; Ta, 7). Complexes 6 and 7 are thermally unstable and decompose quickly at room temperature; consequently, they have been characterized solely by IR and P-31{H-1} NMR spectroscopies. All other new complexes have been fully characterized by standard methods, and the solid-state molecular structures of 1.3CH(2)Cl(2), 4.(3/ 4)CH2Cl2, and 5.THF have been established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. A convenient method of generating (ClNO)-N-15 has also been developed during the course of these investigations.},
	keywords = {CHEMISTRY, CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE, DISPROPORTIONATION REACTIVITY, NIOBIUM, NITRIC-OXIDE, NITROSYL COMPLEXES, NO, tantalum, TROPOCORONAND, VANADIUM},
	isbn = {0020-1669},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000178676700012},
	author = {Hayton, T. W. and Legzdins,Peter and Patrick, B. O.}
}
@article {524,
	title = {Influence of chelation and oxidation state on vanadium bioavailability, and their effects on tissue concentrations of zinc, copper, and iron},
	journal = {Biological Trace Element Research},
	volume = {86},
	number = {1},
	year = {2002},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 541ZTTimes Cited: 27Cited Reference Count: 45},
	month = {Apr},
	pages = {31-44},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Today, vanadium compounds are frequently included in nutritional supplements and are also being developed for therapeutic use in diabetes mellitus. Previously, tissue uptake of vanadium from bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(IV) (BMOV) was shown to be increased compared to its uptake from vanadyl sulfate (VS). Our primary objective was to test the hypothesis that complexation increases vanadium uptake and that this effect is independent of oxidation state. A secondary objective was to compare the effects of vanadium complexation and oxidation state on tissue iron, copper, and zinc. Wistar rats were fed either ammonium metavanadate (AMV), VS, or BMOV (1.2 mM each in the drinking water). Tissue uptake of V following 12 wk of BMOV or AMV was higher than that from VS (p < 0.05). BMOV led to decreased tissue Zn and increased bone Fe content. The same three compounds were compared in a cellular model of absorption (Caco-2 cells). Vanadium uptake from VS was higher than that from BMOV or AMV at 10 min, but from BMOV (250 \&mu;M only, 60 min), uptake was far greater than from AMV or VS. These results show that neither complexation nor oxidation state alone are adequate predictors of relative absorption, tissue accumulation, or trace element interactions.},
	keywords = {ABSORPTION, BIS(MALTOLATO)OXOVANADIUM(IV), bone, CACO-2, Caco-2 cells, COMPLEXES, DIABETIC RATS, GLUCOSE-METABOLISM, IN-VITRO, INSULIN, kidney, ORTHO-VANADATE, skeletal muscle, SULFATE, VANADIUM, zinc},
	isbn = {0163-4984},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000175018100004},
	author = {Thompson, K. H. and Tsukada, Y. and Xu, Z. M. and Battell, M. and McNeill, J. H. and Orvig, Chris}
}
@article {4458,
	title = {Electronic spectra of YOH and YOD in the visible region: Strong vibronic coupling between the (B)over-tilde(1)II and (C)over-tilde(1)Sigma(+) states},
	journal = {Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy},
	volume = {196},
	number = {1},
	year = {1999},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 208RCTimes Cited: 7Cited Reference Count: 41},
	month = {Jul},
	pages = {45-69},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Laser excitation spectra of yttrium monohydroxide, YOH, have been recorded in the 500-625 nm wavelength region. Rotational analysis of bands of YOH and YOD has shown that the ground state is (X) over tilde(1)Sigma(+), with the structure r(0)(Y-O) = 1.948(6) Angstrom, r(0)(O-H) = 0.920(6) Angstrom; the bending frequency (nu(2), pi) is 313.73 cm(-1) (237.43 cm(-1) in YOD) and the Y-O stretching frequency (nu(3), sigma(+)) is 673.83 cm(-1) (655.34 cm(-1)). Two excited electronic states have been identified; they are assigned as (B) over tilde(1)Pi (16 449 cm(-1)) and (C) over bar(1)Sigma(+) (18 509 cm(-1)). Unusually strong vibronic coupling through the bending vibration occurs between these two states, which causes their vibrational structures to be highly irregular; assignments have only been possible following extensive wavelength-resolved fluorescence experiments. The vibronic coupling raises the bending frequency of the (C) over tilde(1)Sigma(+) state to 457 cm(-1) and reduces that of the lower Born-Oppenheimer component of the (B) over tilde(1)Pi state (which has A{\textquoteright} symmetry in the C, point group) to the extent that the molecule becomes nonlinear, with a potential barrier at the linear configuration of about 120 cm(-1). The presence of the potential barrier is clearly demonstrated by the level structure of YOD, where the Sigma(+) vibronic component of the 010 vibrational level (linear molecule notation) lies 1.4 cm(-1) below the 000 level. The upper Born-Oppenheimer component, which has A " symmetry, is unaffected; its bending frequency is similar to that of the ground state. Perturbations occur in both the (B) over tilde(1)Pi and (C) over tilde(1)Sigma(+) states; some of these represent local interactions between the two of them, but others are caused by higher vibrational levels of lower-lying "dark" electronic states. Over 40 ground state vibrational levels have been identified for both YOH and YOD from the wavelength-resolved fluorescence spectra. (C) 1999 Academic Press.},
	keywords = {15-K, laser spectroscopy, METHYLIDYNE, ORBITAL ANGULAR-MOMENTUM, RESONANCE, SYSTEM, TRANSITION, TRIATOMIC-MOLECULES, VANADIUM, WATER},
	isbn = {0022-2852},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000081004300006},
	author = {Adam, A. G. and Athanassenas, K. and Gillett, D. A. and Kingston, C. T. and Merer, A. J. and Peers, J. R. D. and Rixon, S. J.}
}
@article {4706,
	title = {Vanadyl-biguanide complexes as potential synergistic insulin mimics},
	journal = {Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry},
	volume = {76},
	number = {3-4},
	year = {1999},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 262ZHTimes Cited: 65Cited Reference Count: 27},
	month = {Sep},
	pages = {251-257},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Vanadium has well-documented blood-glucose-lowering properties both in vitro and in vivo. The design of new oxovanadium(IV) coordination compounds, intended for use as insulin-enhancing agents in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, can potentially benefit from a synergistic approach, in which the whole complex has more than an additive effect from its component parts. Biguanides, most importantly metformin, are oral hypoglycemic agents used today to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this study, biguanide, metformin, and phenformin, all biguanides, were coordinated to oxovanadium(IV) to form potential insulin-enhancing compounds. Highly colored, air-stable, bis(biguanidato)oxovanadium(IV), [VO(big)(2)], bis(N{\textquoteright},N{\textquoteright}-dimethylbiguanidato)oxovanadium(IV) [VO(metf)(2)], and bis(beta-phenethyl-biguanidato)oxovanadium(IV), [VO(phenf)(2)], were prepared. Solvation with dimethylsulfoxide occurred with VO(metf)(2) to form a six-coordinate complex. Precursor ligands and oxovanadium(IV) coordination complexes were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, elemental analyses, magnetic susceptibility, and, where appropriate, H-1 NMR spectroscopy. Biological testing with VO(metf)(2), a representative compound, for insulin-enhancing potential included acute (72 h) administration, both by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection and by oral gavage (p.o,) in streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats. VO(metf)(2) administration resulted in significant blood-glucose lowering at doses of 0.12 mmol kg(-1) i.p. and 0.60 mmol kg(-1) p.o. (previously established as ED50 doses for organically chelated oxovanadium(IV) complexes); however, no positive associative effects due to the presence of biguanide in the complex were apparent. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {biguanide, BIS(MALTOLATO)OXOVANADIUM(IV), BMOV, coordination complex, GLUCOSE-LOWERING PROPERTIES, insulin mimic, MECHANISM, METFORMIN, MIMETIC AGENT, MUSCLE, RATS, VANADIUM},
	isbn = {0162-0134},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000084097800010},
	author = {Woo, L. C. Y. and Yuen, V. G. and Thompson, K. H. and McNeill, J. H. and Orvig, Chris}
}
@article {4399,
	title = {Kinetic analysis and comparison of uptake, distribution, and excretion of V-48-labeled compounds in rats},
	journal = {Journal of Applied Physiology},
	volume = {84},
	number = {2},
	year = {1998},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: YU964Times Cited: 63Cited Reference Count: 43},
	month = {Feb},
	pages = {569-575},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Vanadium has been found to be orally active in lowering plasma glucose levels; thus it provides a potential treatment for diabetes mellitus. Bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(rv) (BMOV) is a well-characterized organovanadium compound that has been shown in preliminary studies to have a potentially useful absorption profile. Tissue distributions of BMOV compared with those of vanadyl sulfate (VS) were studied in Wistar rats by using V-48 as a tracer. In this study, the compounds were administered in carrier-added forms by either oral gavage or intraperitoneal injection. Data analyzed by a compartmental model, by using simulation, analysis, and modeling (i.e., SAAM II) software, showed a pattern of increased tissue uptake with use of V-48-BMOV compared with (VS)-V-48. The highest V-48 concentrations at 24 h after gavage were in bone, followed by kidney and liver. Most ingested V-48 was eliminated unabsorbed by fecal excretion. On average, V-48 concentrations in bone, kidney, and liver 24 h after oral administration of V-48-BMOV were two to three times higher than those of (VS)-V-48, which is consistent with the increased glucose-lowering potency of BMOV in acute glucose lowering compared with VS.},
	keywords = {ADIPOCYTES, analysis, and modeling, BIS(MALTOLATO)OXOVANADIUM(IV), compartmental modeling, diabetes, DISSOCIATION, FERRIC MALTOL, GLUCOSE, INDUCED DIABETIC RATS, INSULIN, insulin mimetic, METABOLISM, MOLYBDENUM, SIMULATION, SMALL-INTESTINE, Software, VANADIUM, VANADYL SULFATE},
	isbn = {8750-7587},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000071774300025},
	author = {Setyawati, I. A. and Thompson, K. H. and Yuen, V. G. and Sun, Y. and Battell, M. and Lyster, D. M. and Vo, C. and Ruth, T. J. and Zeisler, S. and McNeill, J. H. and Orvig, Chris}
}
@article {3447,
	title = {Increased potency of vanadium using organic ligands},
	journal = {Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry},
	volume = {153},
	number = {1-2},
	year = {1995},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: TM620Times Cited: 45Cited Reference Count: 46Vanadium SymposiumJUL 29-31, 1994MONTREAL, CANADACanadian Diabet Assoc, Fonds Rech Sante Quebec, Juvenile Diabet Fdn Canada, Marion Merrell Dow Canada, McGill Univ, Med Res Council Canada, Medisense Canada Inc, Merck Frosst, Canada Inc, Miles Canada Inc},
	month = {Dec},
	pages = {175-180},
	type = {Proceedings Paper},
	abstract = {The in vivo glucose lowering effect of orally administered inorganic vanadium compounds in diabetes was first reported in our laboratory in 1985. While both vanadate and vanadyl forms of vanadium are orally active, they are still not well absorbed. We have synthesized several organic vanadium compounds and one compound, bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(lv) or BMOV, has been extensively investigated. BMOV proved effective in lowering plasma glucose and lipids in STZ-diabetic: rats when administered in drinking water over a 25 week period. The maintenance dose (0.18 mmol/kg/day) was approximately 50\% of that required for vanadyl sulfate (VS). Secondary complications of diabetes were prevented by BMOV and no marked toxicity was noted. Oral gavage of STZ-diabetic rats with BMOV also reduced blood glucose levels. The ED(50) for BMOV was 0.5 mmol/kg, while for VS the estimated ED(50) was 0.9 mmol/kg. BMOV was also effective by the intraperitoneal route in STZ-diabetic rats. The ED(50) was 0.08 mmol/kg compared to 0.22 mmol/kg for VS. Some animals treated p.o. or i.p. remained euglycemic for up to 14 weeks. An i.v. infusion of BMOV of 0.05 mmol/kg over a 30 min period reduced plasma glucose levels by 50\% while VS was not effective.},
	keywords = {ADIPOCYTES, BIS(MALTOLATO)OXOVANADIUM(IV), diabetes, DIABETIC, GLUCOSE, HYPERTENSION, IMPROVEMENT, INSULIN ACTION, insulin-mimetic, RATS, RECEPTOR TYROSINE KINASE, resistance, SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS, VANADATE, VANADIUM},
	isbn = {0300-8177},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1995TM62000024},
	author = {McNeill, J. H. and Yuen, V. G. and Dai, S. T. and Orvig, Chris}
}
@article {2941,
	title = {IMPROVEMENT IN CARDIAC DYSFUNCTION IN STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS FOLLOWING CHRONIC ORAL-ADMINISTRATION OF BIS(MALTOLATO)OXOVANADIUM(IV)},
	journal = {Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology},
	volume = {71},
	number = {3-4},
	year = {1993},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: LN775Times Cited: 70Cited Reference Count: 40},
	month = {Mar-Apr},
	pages = {270-276},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Decreased cardiac function in streptozotocin-diabetic rats has been used as a model of diabetes-induced cardiomyopathy, which is a secondary complication in diabetic patients. The present study was designed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of a new organic vanadium complex, bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(IV), (BMOV), in improving heart function in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. There were four groups of male, Wistar rats: control (C), control treated (CT), diabetic (D), and diabetic treated (DT). Treatment consisted of BMOV, 0.5 mg/mL (1.8 mM) for the first 3 weeks and 0.75 mg/mL (2.4 mM) for the next 22 weeks, in the drinking water of rats allowed ad libitum access to food and water. BMOV lowered blood glucose to < 9 mM in 70\% of DT animals without any increase in plasma insulin levels, and mean blood glucose and plasma lipid levels were significantly lower in DT vs. D rats. Tissue vanadium levels were measured in plasma, bone, kidney, liver, muscle, and fat of BMOV-treated rats. Plasma vanadium levels averaged 0.84 +/- 0.07 mug/mL (16.8 muM) in CT rats and 0.76 +/-0.05 mug/mL (15.2 muM) in DT animals. The highest vanadium levels at termination of this chronic feeding study were in bone, 18.3 +/- 3.0 mug/g (0.37 mumol/g) in CT and 26.4 +/- 2.6 mug/g (0.53 mumol/g) in DT rats, with intermediate levels in kidney and liver, and low, but detectable levels in muscle and fat. There were no deaths in either the CT or DT group, and no overt signs of vanadium toxicity were present. Tissue vanadium levels were not correlated with die glucose-lowering effect. Isolated working heart parameters of left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and rate of pressure development (+dP/dT, and -dP/dT) indicated that BMOV treatment resulted in significant correction of the heart dysfunction associated with streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rat.},
	keywords = {ACTIVATION, BIS(MALTOLATO)OXOVANADIUM(IV), BLOOD-GLUCOSE, diabetes, GLUCOSE-HOMEOSTASIS, INSULIN, MYOCARDIAL DYSFUNCTION, STREPTOZOTOCIN, SULFATE, VANADATE TREATMENT, VANADIUM},
	isbn = {0008-4212},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1993LN77500014},
	author = {Yuen, V. G. and Orvig, Chris and Thompson, K. H. and McNeill, J. H.}
}
