@article {3745,
	title = {Bacterial transformation of pyrene in a marine environment},
	journal = {Environmental Science \& Technology},
	volume = {30},
	number = {4},
	year = {1996},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: UC413Times Cited: 11Cited Reference Count: 33},
	month = {Apr},
	pages = {1115-1119},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The bacterial transformation of pyrene in an estuary environment, Kitimat Arm, British Columbia, Canada, was studied. A metabolite was separated from marine sediment and pore water samples and was id entified as cis-4,5-dihydroxy-4,5-dihydropyrene, based on a comparison of the metabolite with the authentic standard, by using both high-performance liquid chromatography and capillary gas chromatography with mass spectrometry detection. The presence of this key metabolite of dioxygenase-mediated transformation of pyrene, along with previous pyrene degradation studies using cultures isolated from the same sediment samples, suggests a possible in situ bacterial transformation of pyrene in the Kitimat Arm environment.},
	keywords = {ALASKA, BIODEGRADATION, DEGRADATION, MINERALIZATION, NAPHTHALENE, OIL-SPILL BIOREMEDIATION, OXIDATION, POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS},
	isbn = {0013-936X},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1996UC41300029},
	author = {Li, X. F. and Le, X. C. and Simpson, C. D. and Cullen, W. R. and Reimer, K. J.}
}
@article {3744,
	title = {Microbial degradation of pyrene and characterization of a metabolite},
	journal = {Science of the Total Environment},
	volume = {177},
	year = {1996},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: TP870Times Cited: 10Cited Reference Count: 37},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {17-29},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {We report the degradation of pyrene by microorganisms present in sea water and sediment samples that were obtained from Kitimat Arm, BC, Canada, an environment that is highly contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons because of nearby aluminum smelting activity. The utilization of pyrene as sole carbon source by the microorganisms is demonstrated by monitoring the disappearance of pyrene and the production of its metabolite in the cultures. Pyrene (10 mu g) is degraded to an undetectable level after 120 h of incubation with 0.5 mi of the enriched culture and 10 ml of mineral salt medium. The extent of mineralization is also assessed by determining the radioactivity of the (CO2)-C-14 produced from the cultures containing C-14-labeled pyrene: up to 65\% of the pyrene is mineralized after 12 days of incubation. A metabolite that accumulates in the pyrene degradation cultures can be isolated. This metabolite is identified as cis-dihydrodiol pyrene, an initial ring oxidation product, on the basis of its chromatographic behavior, absorption spectrum, fluorescence excitation and emission spectra, and mass spectra.},
	keywords = {BACTERIAL, BIODEGRADATION, bioremediation, cis-dihydrodiol pyrene, CONTAMINATED SOIL, HYDROCARBONS, METABOLITE, microbial degradation, MINERALIZATION, MYCOBACTERIUM SP, NAPHTHALENE, OXIDATION, PHENANTHRENE, polycyclic aromatic, POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS, PYRENE, SEDIMENT},
	isbn = {0048-9697},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1996TP87000003},
	author = {Li, X. F. and Cullen, W. R. and Reimer, K. J. and Le, X. C.}
}
@article {3004,
	title = {DEGRADATION OF PHENANTHRENE AND PYRENE BY MICROORGANISMS ISOLATED FROM MARINE SEDIMENT AND SEAWATER},
	journal = {Science of the Total Environment},
	volume = {156},
	number = {1},
	year = {1994},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: PJ991Times Cited: 18Cited Reference Count: 40},
	month = {Nov},
	pages = {27-37},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Microorganisms which are able to degrade phenanthrene and pyrene were isolated from both seawater and sediment samples collected from a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) polluted environment, Kitimat Arm, British Columbia, Canada. Four strains from a seawater culture were isolated and examined. No additional PAH induction was necessary in the enrichment process, indicating that these PAH degrading microorganisms are previously exposed to PAHs in the environment under study. Microorganisms enriched with phenanthrene as the sole carbon and energy source also degraded pyrene readily. A metabolite, pyrene cis-4,5-dihydrodiol was observed from pyrene degradation, and this metabolite was further degraded after pyrene was utilized by the microorganisms.},
	keywords = {BIODEGRADATION, bioremediation, CONTAMINATED, DEGRADATION, ENVIRONMENT, ESTUARINE SEDIMENTS, MICROORGANISMS, MINERALIZATION, NAPHTHALENE, PAH, PHENANTHRENE, POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON, POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS, PYRENE, SEAWATER, SEDIMENT, SOIL},
	isbn = {0048-9697},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1994PJ99100004},
	author = {Cullen, W. R. and Li, X. F. and Reimer, K. J.}
}
