@inbook {1092,
	title = {Arsenic in Yellowknife, Canada},
	booktitle = {Arsenic Metallurgy},
	year = {2005},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: BCA34Times Cited: 1Cited Reference Count: 33Proceedings PaperSymposium on Arsenic Metallurgy held at the TMS 2005 Annual MeetingFEB 13-17, 2005San Francisco, CATMS, Copper, Nickel, Cobalt Comm184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA},
	pages = {149-167},
	publisher = {Minerals, Metals \& Materials Soc},
	organization = {Minerals, Metals \& Materials Soc},
	address = {Warrendale},
	abstract = {The Giant Mine began gold production in Yellowknife, North West Territories, Canada, in 1948. Soon after this it was decided to store the arsenic trioxide dust from the smelter underground. The current situation is that the mine has now ceased operations leaving 260,000 tons of 78\% by weight arsenic trioxide dust stored in 15 underground chambers. The first part of the talk will outline the management options that include leaving the dust in place or removing it to the surface where further processing or stabilizing would be required. The second part addresses the approach taken to assess risk associated with surface soil contamination from mining activities. Soils from Yellowknife were differentiated according to type and organic carbon content, and subjected to an extraction system modeling the human gastro-intestinal system. The solubility, or bioaccessibility, of arsenic in soils thus obtained were then used to estimate risk from human exposure to these soils. The incorporation of bioaccessibility allows more realistic estimations of risk to be made and, in turn, aids in the development of cost-effective cleanup options.},
	keywords = {arsenic, BIOAVAILABILITY, LEAD, remediation, risk assessment, SKIN-CANCER, SOIL, Yellowknife},
	isbn = {0-87339-585-9},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000228449400011},
	author = {Cullen, W. R. and Reimer, K. J. and Koch, I. and Ollson, C. A.},
	editor = {Reddy, R. G. and Ramachandran, V.}
}
@article {420,
	title = {Sample extraction for arsenic speciation},
	journal = {Canadian Journal of Analytical Sciences and Spectroscopy},
	volume = {47},
	number = {4},
	year = {2002},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 641DMTimes Cited: 15Cited Reference Count: 47Joint Meetings of EnviroAnalysis 2002/48th International Conference on Analytical Sciences and SpectroscopyMAY 27-30, 2002TORONTO, CANADA},
	pages = {109-118},
	type = {Proceedings Paper},
	abstract = {The standard method used to determine arsenic species in solid samples is by using an extraction method that minimizes any operationally induced changes in chemical form. However, the use of such methods often results in less than complete extraction, with extraction efficiencies ranging from <1\% to 100\% for many types of samples. In this study the effect on extraction efficiency of the variables of total arsenic content, sample type and extraction method (methanol/water vs. simulated gastric conditions) were examined. The arsenic content in plant and deer mouse samples from Yellowknife, NT, as well as commercially available hijiki, an edible alga, and their extracts, was determined. Statistical analysis of the results revealed that extraction efficiencies are lower for both plants and mouse tissues that contain the highest levels of arsenic, and this trend persists in plants even when more exhaustive extraction methods (Le., Soxhlet extraction) are used. When the plant data was examined with respect to taxonomic groupings moss appeared to be extracted less efficiently than most other plants, and sedge and cattail appeared to be extracted most efficiently. An extraction method modeling human gastrointestinal conditions, gastric fluid extraction (GFE), was comparable to methanol/water extraction of plants with respect to amounts extracted and proportions of As(III) and As(V) present. However, methanol/water was used more efficiently to extract arsenic from wet hijiki than the GFE method. It is important to include information about extraction efficiency when discussing speciation of arsenic in a sample.},
	keywords = {ACCELERATED SOLVENT-EXTRACTION, arsenobetaine, BIOAVAILABILITY, CANADA, CERTIFIED-REFERENCE-MATERIALS, CONTAMINATED SOILS, ORGANISMS, PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY, PLANTS, PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETRY, TERRESTRIAL},
	isbn = {1205-6685},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000180729200004},
	author = {Koch, I. and Hough, C. and Mousseau, S. and Mir, K. and Rutter, A. and Ollson, C. and Lee, E. and Andrewes, P. and Granhchino, S. and Cullen, B. and Reimer, K.}
}
