@article {1220,
	title = {Trace element distribution during the reproductive cycle of female and male spiny and Pacific scallops, with implications for biomonitoring},
	journal = {Marine Pollution Bulletin},
	volume = {50},
	number = {2},
	year = {2005},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 908BKTimes Cited: 2Cited Reference Count: 29},
	month = {Feb},
	pages = {175-184},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Trace element concentrations and contents in gills, gonad, kidneys, mantle, muscle and remainder during the reproductive cycle of female and male spiny and Pacific scallops, from the Strait of Georgia, BC, Canada, were quantified by using ICPMS. The elements investigated were chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, selenium, molybdenum, cadmium, tin and mercury. For all ten elements, the tissue distribution was to some extent influenced by species, sex and reproductive status. The implications of the present study in relation to the design of biomonitoring programmes are: (1) care should be taken to ensure an equal/constant sex composition when making interannual comparisons of pooled samples. Preferably the sexes should be monitored separately. (2) the practice of obtaining pooled samples in the interspawn phase is applicable only to monitoring long-term trends in contaminant levels, while the reproductive status should be heeded when studying short-term changes. (3) the present study confirms that direct temporal or spatial comparisons of absolute accumulated element concentrations are only valid intraspecifically. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {AVAILABILITY, BIOACCUMULATION, biomonitoring, BRITISH-COLUMBIA, CADMIUM, CHEMICAL CONCENTRATIONS, METAL CONCENTRATIONS, MUSSEL WATCH, MYTILUS-EDULIS, OYSTERS, pollution monitoring, PROGRAMS, scallops, Strait of Georgia, trace elements, UNITED-STATES},
	isbn = {0025-326X},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000227762000018},
	author = {Norum, U. and Lai, V. W. M. and Cullen, W. R.}
}
@article {362,
	title = {Distribution of arsenic species in the freshwater crustacean Procambarus clarkii},
	journal = {Applied Organometallic Chemistry},
	volume = {16},
	number = {12},
	year = {2002},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 622PGTimes Cited: 2Cited Reference Count: 25},
	month = {Dec},
	pages = {692-700},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The concentrations of total arsenic and arsenic species in the complete organism of the crayfish Procambarus clarkii and its various parts (hepatopancreas, tail, and remaining parts) were analyzed in order to discover the distribution of arsenic and its species. With this information it will be possible to establish where the chemical forms of this metalloid tend to accumulate and what risks may derive from the contents and species present in the edible parts of this crustacean. The total arsenic content in the complete organism and in the various parts analyzed ranged from 2.5 to 12 mug g(-1) dry mass (DM), with inorganic arsenic representing 18 to 34\% of total arsenic. The arsenical composition varied according to the part of the crayfish considered. The hepatopancreas had the highest levels of total arsenic (9.2-12 mug g(-1) DM) and inorganic arsenic (2.7-3.2 mug g(-1) DM). The tail (edible part) had the lowest levels of both total arsenic (2.5-2.6 mug g(-1) DM) and inorganic arsenic (0.46-0.64 mug g(-1) DM). The predominant organoarsenical species were the dimethylarsinoylribosides: glycerol riboside in the hepatopancreas, sulfate riboside in the tail, and sulfonate and phosphate ribosides in the remaining parts. Copyright (C) 2002 John Wiley Sons, Ltd.},
	keywords = {arsenic, arsenic species, arsenosugars, ATOMIC-ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY, BIOACCUMULATION, crayfish, DIGESTION, ENVIRONMENT, FISH, freshwater, heptopancreas, MASS-SPECTROMETRY, PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY, PRODUCTS, SEAFOOD, SPECIATION, tail muscle},
	isbn = {0268-2605},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000179655000002},
	author = {Devesa, V. and Suner, M. A. and Lai, V. W. M. and Granchinho, S. C. R. and Velez, D. and Cullen, W. R. and Martinez, J. M. and Montoro, R.}
}
@article {388,
	title = {Transformation of arsenic(V) by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum melonis isolated from the alga Fucus gardneri},
	journal = {Applied Organometallic Chemistry},
	volume = {16},
	number = {12},
	year = {2002},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 622PGTimes Cited: 11Cited Reference Count: 18},
	month = {Dec},
	pages = {721-726},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {A fungus isolated from the macroalga Fucus gardneri was identified by using 28S rDNA sequence analysis, 99\% similarity match, as Fusarium oxysporum meloni. The fungus was exposed to arsenic(V) (500 ppb) in artificial seawater to investigate the possibility that the fungus is the source of the metabolic activity that results in the presence of arsenosugars in the macroalga. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to identify the arsenic species in the fungus, and in the growth medium. The fungus was able to accumulate arsenic(V) and an increase in arsenite and dimethylarsinate was also observed. Some reduction of arsenate led to a small increase of arsenite in the growth medium. The fungus does not seem to be involved with the accumulation of arsenosugars by the Fucus. Copyright (C) 2002 John Wiley Sons, Ltd.},
	keywords = {(PCR), arsenic, BIOACCUMULATION, fungus, inductively coupled plasma, polymerase chain reaction, rDNA, SPECIATION},
	isbn = {0268-2605},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000179655000006},
	author = {Granchinho, S. C. R. and Franz, C. M. and Polishchuk, E. and Cullen, W. R. and Reimer, K. J.}
}
@article {4586,
	title = {Arsenic in the Meager Creek hot springs environment, British Columbia, Canada},
	journal = {Science of the Total Environment},
	volume = {236},
	number = {1-3},
	year = {1999},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 243EGTimes Cited: 66Cited Reference Count: 59},
	month = {Sep},
	pages = {101-117},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Levels of arsenic in water from Meager Creek hot springs, British Columbia, Canada, were found to be naturally elevated. Biota including microbial mats, green algae, sedge, cedar, fleabane, monkey flower, moss, mushrooms and lichens, that were expected to be impacted by the water, were analyzed for total levels of arsenic and for arsenic species. The major arsenic species extracted from all samples were arsenate and arsenite, which are toxic forms of arsenic. Additionally, small amounts of arsenosugars X and XI were detected in microbial mats and green algae, implying that cyanobacteria/bacteria, and possibly green algae are capable of synthesizing arsenosugars from arsenate. Low to trace amounts of arsenosugars X and XI were detected in lichens and the fungus Tarzetta cupularis. A large fraction (on average, greater than 50\%) of arsenic was not extracted by using methanol/water (1:1) and the chemical and toxicological significance of this arsenic remains unknown. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {ALGA, arsenic, BIOACCUMULATION, BIOMETHYLATION, ESTUARINE WATERS, FATE, fungi, hot springs, microbial mats, ORGANISMS, ORIGIN, PLANTS, SPECIATION, WATER FOOD-CHAIN},
	isbn = {0048-9697},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000082983600008},
	author = {Koch, I. and Feldmann, J. and Wang, L. X. and Andrewes, P. and Reimer, K. J. and Cullen, W. R.}
}
@article {2770,
	title = {BIOTRANSFORMATION OF [H-3] METHYLARSONIC ACID IN A STATIC SEAWATER SYSTEM CONTAINING MYTILUS-CALIFORNIANUS},
	journal = {Applied Organometallic Chemistry},
	volume = {7},
	number = {5},
	year = {1993},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: LV681Times Cited: 8Cited Reference Count: 24},
	month = {Sep},
	pages = {329-334},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Mytius californianus exposed for 9 days to a seawater system containing [H-3]methylarsonic acid, was found to contain [H-3]methylarsonic acid along with [H-3]arsenobetaine and two unknown H-3-labeled compounds in the tissue parts of the mussel. A linear increase with time in the specific activity present in the flesh of Mytilus californianus was also observed. The highest specific activity was found in the visceral mass and the gills of the mussel.},
	keywords = {ALGAE, ARSENIC SPECIATION, arsenobetaine, ARSENOCHOLINE, BIOACCUMULATION, H-3 LABEL, IDENTIFICATION, marine environment, methylarsonic acid, METHYLATION, mussel, ORGANOARSENIC},
	isbn = {0268-2605},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1993LV68100005},
	author = {Cullen, W. R. and Pergantis, S. A.}
}
