@article {3094,
	title = {EFFECT OF CYSTEINE ON THE SPECIATION OF ARSENIC BY USING HYDRIDE GENERATION ATOMIC-ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY},
	journal = {Analytica Chimica Acta},
	volume = {285},
	number = {3},
	year = {1994},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: MV474Times Cited: 61Cited Reference Count: 41},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {277-285},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The use of hydride generation techniques for arsenic species is pH dependent. Identical responses can not be obtained from arsenite, arsenate, monomethylarsonic acid (MMAA) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMAA) when the same acid concentration is used. Thus some methods commonly used for the direct determination of total arsenic under compromised conditions are subject to error. This error is eliminated by the addition of 2\% cysteine to samples prior to hydride generation. In the presence of cysteine the optimum condition for the determination of these arsenic species is in the same range, and a single arsenic species can be used for calibration. This finding is applied to the determination of arsenic in human urine by using flow injection, hydride generation, and atomic absorption spectrometry methodology. The effect of cysteine and thioglycerol is reported in detail, and it is proposed that arsenate, MMAA and DMAA all in the As(V) state, are reduced to the As(III) state as organo-sulfur-arsenic(III) compounds through the reaction between the arsenic species and the thiol. These products, organosulfur derivatives of arsenic(III), easily react with tetrahydroborate(III) under similar conditions to afford the arsines without interference from cysteine. Non-thiol-containing amino acids such as methionine, glycine and histidine do not react with arsenic species in this way, and therefore they do not affect the pH dependence of the generation of arsenic hydride species.},
	keywords = {AMOUNTS, ANTIMONY, ARSENIC SPECIATION, ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CYSTEINE, EMISSION-SPECTROMETRY, ENVIRONMENT, FLOW INJECTION, HUMAN URINE, HYDRIDE GENERATION, INTERFERENCE REDUCTION, L-CYSTINE, NATURAL-WATERS, selenium, SPECTROSCOPY, TIN, TRACE},
	isbn = {0003-2670},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1994MV47400004},
	author = {Le, X. C. and Cullen, W. R. and Reimer, K. J.}
}
@article {2712,
	title = {ROTATIONAL, FINE, AND HYPERFINE ANALYSES OF THE (0,0) BAND OF THE D(3)PI-X(3)DELTA SYSTEM OF VANADIUM MONONITRIDE},
	journal = {Journal of Chemical Physics},
	volume = {99},
	number = {5},
	year = {1993},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: LU722Times Cited: 42Cited Reference Count: 45},
	month = {Sep},
	pages = {3288-3303},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The VN molecule has been produced in a molecular beam apparatus using a laser vaporization source and its D3PI-X3DELTA (0,0) band has been studied by laser-induced fluorescence at low (approximately 0.1 cm-1) and sub-Doppler resolution (approximately 0.004 cm-1). Lifetimes of single rotational levels of the D3PI0 component have been measured and interpreted. Rotational, fine, and hyperfine structures in six of the nine subbands possible for a 3PI <{\textendash} 3DELTA transition have been recorded. Both states exhibit a rapid transition from case (a) {\textendash}> case (b) coupling cases, manifested by reversals in the Lande patterns of the hyperfine structure. The data have been reduced to a set of 35 molecular constants using a modified case (a(beta)) effective Hamiltonian in which two additional magnetic hyperfine parameters are required for each state. The distortions in the hyperfine structure are due almost entirely to second-order spin-orbit interaction between states arising from the same configuration. Analysis of the derived parameters indicates that the X3DELTA state is well represented by the single electron configuration ... 8sigma2 3pi4 9sigma1 1delta1, in which the 9sigma molecular orbital (MO) is a V 4s-4p hybrid (88\% V 4s) and the 1delta MO is-a pure V 3d orbital; the dominant configuration for the D3PI state is ... 8sigma2 3pi4 1delta1 4pi1, in which the 4pi MO is an antibonding orbital composed of at most 82\% V 3dpi. The isoconfigurational a 1DELTA and e 1PI states are calculated to lie 3390 and 2200 cm-1 above their respective high spin companions. The lambda doubling in the D3PI0 component has been interpreted in terms of spin-orbit interactions with the B3SIGMA- and d1SIGMA+ states, both states arising from the ... 8sigma2 3pi4 1delta2 configuration; the d1SIGMA+ state is known [Simard, Masoni, and Hackett, J. Mol. Spectrosc. 136, 44 (1989)] to lie 102 cm-1 above D3PI0, while the B3SIGMA- state probably lies about 8000 cm-1 below.},
	keywords = {ABINITIO, ELECTRONIC EMISSION SYSTEM, MOLECULES, NIOBIUM NITRIDE, PARAMETERS, RESONANCE, SPECTROSCOPY, SPECTRUM, STATES, TIN},
	isbn = {0021-9606},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1993LU72200017},
	author = {Balfour, W. J. and Merer, A. J. and Niki, H. and Simard, B. and Hackett, P. A.}
}
@article {7296,
	title = {A NEW CONTINUOUS HYDRIDE GENERATOR FOR THE DETERMINATION OF ARSENIC, ANTIMONY AND TIN BY HYDRIDE GENERATION ATOMIC-ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY},
	journal = {Analytica Chimica Acta},
	volume = {258},
	number = {2},
	year = {1992},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: HK842Times Cited: 61Cited Reference Count: 24},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {307-315},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {A new continuous hydride generator is described. Its characteristics are compared with a conventional hydride generator for the determination of arsenic, antimony and tin by using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. This simple hydride generator combines hydride production and gas-liquid separation in one unit, obviating the use of a separate mixing/reaction coil and gas-liquid separator. Radioactive tracer studies show that a hydride generation efficiency of over 95\% is achieved with the new hydride generator and that approximately 90\% of monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) is converted to its hydride (methylarsine) within the first 10 s of the hydride generation reaction. Compared to a conventional hydride generator, an improved signal-to-noise ratio is achieved and comparable or less interference from transition metal ions is observed. Cysteine (1\% in the sample solution) is effective in reducing interferences during the hydride generation processes. In the presence of cysteine, 10-1000 fold higher amounts of Ni2+, Co2+ and Cu2+ are tolerated in the determination of arsenic, antimony and tin. Cysteine also enhances the signals of arsenic, antimony and tin by 60, 200 and 40\%, respectively. Reaction conditions were optimized by using both the simplex optimization method and one-factor-at-a-time method and results are in good agreement.},
	keywords = {AMOUNTS, ANTIMONY, arsenic, ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY, EMISSION-SPECTROMETRY, GERMANIUM, HYDRIDE GENERATION, INTERFERENCE REDUCTION, L-CYSTINE, mercury, selenium, separator, SPECTROPHOTOMETRY, SPECTROSCOPY, TIN, TRACE},
	isbn = {0003-2670},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1992HK84200014},
	author = {Le, X. C. and Cullen, W. R. and Reimer, K. J. and Brindle, I. D.}
}
@article {7035,
	title = {EVALUATION OF A 13.56 MHZ CAPACITIVELY COUPLED PLASMA AS A DETECTOR FOR GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF ORGANOTIN COMPOUNDS},
	journal = {Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry},
	volume = {6},
	number = {3},
	year = {1991},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: FP279Times Cited: 26Cited Reference Count: 20},
	month = {Apr},
	pages = {215-219},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {A demountable, parallel plate, capacitively coupled plasma source operating at 13.56 MHz has been developed as a gas-chromatographic detector for the determination of organotin compounds. The effect of operating power and gas flow-rate on analyte emission intensity has been measured and spatial emission characteristics of the plasma have been evaluated. The detection limits for Me4Sn, Me3SnCl and Pr4Sn were 0.079, 0.190 and 0.168 ng s-1, respectively.},
	keywords = {capacitively coupled plasma, DISCHARGE, EMISSION-SPECTROMETRY, GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY, MICROWAVE-INDUCED PLASMA, ORGANOTIN COMPOUNDS, SPECIATION, TIN},
	isbn = {0267-9477},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1991FP27900005},
	author = {Huang, D. G. and Blades, M. W.}
}
