@inbook {1092,
	title = {Arsenic in Yellowknife, Canada},
	booktitle = {Arsenic Metallurgy},
	year = {2005},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: BCA34Times Cited: 1Cited Reference Count: 33Proceedings PaperSymposium on Arsenic Metallurgy held at the TMS 2005 Annual MeetingFEB 13-17, 2005San Francisco, CATMS, Copper, Nickel, Cobalt Comm184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA},
	pages = {149-167},
	publisher = {Minerals, Metals \& Materials Soc},
	organization = {Minerals, Metals \& Materials Soc},
	address = {Warrendale},
	abstract = {The Giant Mine began gold production in Yellowknife, North West Territories, Canada, in 1948. Soon after this it was decided to store the arsenic trioxide dust from the smelter underground. The current situation is that the mine has now ceased operations leaving 260,000 tons of 78\% by weight arsenic trioxide dust stored in 15 underground chambers. The first part of the talk will outline the management options that include leaving the dust in place or removing it to the surface where further processing or stabilizing would be required. The second part addresses the approach taken to assess risk associated with surface soil contamination from mining activities. Soils from Yellowknife were differentiated according to type and organic carbon content, and subjected to an extraction system modeling the human gastro-intestinal system. The solubility, or bioaccessibility, of arsenic in soils thus obtained were then used to estimate risk from human exposure to these soils. The incorporation of bioaccessibility allows more realistic estimations of risk to be made and, in turn, aids in the development of cost-effective cleanup options.},
	keywords = {arsenic, BIOAVAILABILITY, LEAD, remediation, risk assessment, SKIN-CANCER, SOIL, Yellowknife},
	isbn = {0-87339-585-9},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000228449400011},
	author = {Cullen, W. R. and Reimer, K. J. and Koch, I. and Ollson, C. A.},
	editor = {Reddy, R. G. and Ramachandran, V.}
}
@article {361,
	title = {Determination of arsenic species in a freshwater crustacean Procambarus clarkii},
	journal = {Applied Organometallic Chemistry},
	volume = {16},
	number = {3},
	year = {2002},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 521YCTimes Cited: 14Cited Reference Count: 37},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {123-132},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The arsenic species present in samples of the crayfish Procambarus clarkii caught in the area affected by the toxic mine-tailing spill at Aznalcollar (Seville, Southern Spain) were analyzed. The total arsenic contents ranged between 1.2 and 8.5 mug g(-1) dry mass (DM). With regard to the different species of arsenic, the highest concentrations were for inorganic arsenic (0.34-5.4 mug g(-1) DM), whereas arsenobetaine, unlike the situation found in marine fish products, was not the major arsenic species (0.16 +/- 0.09 mug g(-1) DM). Smaller concentrations were found of arsenosugars la (0.18 +/- 0.11 mug g(-1) DM), 1b (0.077 +/- 0.049 mug g(-1) DM), 1c (0.080 +/- 0.089 mug g(-1) DM), and 1d (0.14 +/- 0.13 mug g(-1) DM). The presence of two unknown arsenic species was revealed (U1: 0.058 +/- 0.058 mug g(-1) DM; U2: 0.12 +/- 0.12 mug g(-1) DM). No significant differences were seen with respect to the total arsenic contents between the sexes. However, significant differences in the total arsenic contents were revealed between the area affected by the spill and the area not affected, the contents being greater in the affected area. Copyright (C) 2002 John Wiley Sons, Ltd.},
	keywords = {arsenic, arsenic species, arsenobetaine, arsenosugars, ATOMIC-ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY, CADMIUM, crayfish, crustacean, ENVIRONMENT, FISH, freshwater, LEAD, MASS-SPECTROMETRY, PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY, SEAFOOD PRODUCTS, WATER MARSH},
	isbn = {0268-2605},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000173868100002},
	author = {Devesa, V. and Suner, M. A. and Lai, V. W. M. and Granchinho, S. C. R. and Martinez, J. M. and Velez, D. and Cullen, W. R. and Montoro, R.}
}
@article {5137,
	title = {Analyte ionization in the furnace atomization plasma excitation spectrometry source - spatial and temporal observations},
	journal = {Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry},
	volume = {16},
	number = {3},
	year = {2001},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 405MHTimes Cited: 7Cited Reference Count: 34},
	pages = {256-262},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Spatially resolved atomic and ionic emission has been measured in a FAPES source at radiofrequency (rf) powers ranging between 10 and 100w. The degree of ionization was spatially dependent, with maxima adjacent to the centre electrode and graphite cuvette wall. Temporally resolved atomic and ionic emission have also been measured in a newly designed FAPES source, and the temporal ionization behaviour of Mg, Cd, Fe, Zn and Cr was derived from these measurements.},
	keywords = {EMISSION-SPECTROMETRY, FAPES, FIGURES, GRAPHITE-FURNACE, LEAD, MERIT, silver, SPECTROSCOPY},
	isbn = {0267-9477},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000167163200003},
	author = {Lu, S. Y. and LeBlanc, C. W. and Blades, M. W.}
}
@article {4047,
	title = {Spatial and temporal profiles of indium in a furnace atomization plasma excitation spectrometry source},
	journal = {Applied Spectroscopy},
	volume = {51},
	number = {11},
	year = {1997},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: YP332Times Cited: 5Cited Reference Count: 39},
	month = {Nov},
	pages = {1715-1721},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Spatially resolved emission and absorption intensities from the indium 303.93-nm resonance line were measured in a furnace atomization plasma excitation spectrometry (FAPES) source. These measurements show that the spatial structure observed in the analyte emission is due to two effects, The first is the spatial distribution of analyte atoms in the source. The absorption measurements show that this spatial distribution is fairly uniform. There is a slight gradient, with analyte concentrations increasing from the cuvette wall to the center electrode. The fine structure in the emission intensity profiles must therefore be caused by the dependence of the degree of analyte excitation on position within the cuvette. This structure suggests that the FAPES source operates as an atmospheric-pressure radio-frequency glow discharge. Negative glows are seen adjacent to the graphite cuvette wall and center electrode.},
	keywords = {ABSORPTION, aluminum, ANALYTE, ATOMIC-ABSORPTION, CCD, DYNAMICS, emission, EMISSION-SPECTROMETRY, FAPES, FURNACE ATOMIZATION PLASMA EXCITATION SPECTROMETRY, GRAPHITE-FURNACE, indium, INVESTIGATING ELECTROTHERMAL ATOMIZATION, LEAD, profile, SPATIAL, SPECTROSCOPY},
	isbn = {0003-7028},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000071266300022},
	author = {LeBlanc, C. W. and Blades, M. W.}
}
@article {3413,
	title = {Spatially resolved temperature measurements in a furnace atomization plasma excitation spectrometry source},
	journal = {Spectrochimica Acta Part B-Atomic Spectroscopy},
	volume = {50},
	number = {11},
	year = {1995},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: TM056Times Cited: 12Cited Reference Count: 25},
	month = {Sep},
	pages = {1395-1408},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Spatially resolved atomic emission intensities from helium, and molecular emission intensities from OH and N-2(+) have been measured in a furnace atomization plasma excitation spectrometry (FAPES) source. He I emission at 388.86 nm was used to monitor the spatial structure of the plasma in the source while increasing the radio frequency (r.f.) power applied to its center electrode. At higher r.f. power the He I emission intensity increased significantly while its spatial structure remained relatively unchanged. The He I emission was found to be most intense adjacent to the center electrode. Some less intense emission was observed adjacent to the graphite cuvette wall and some very weak emission was seen throughout the volume of the source. These observations suggest that the FAPES source operates as an r.f. glow discharge. Emission intensities from the OH (0-0) rotational A (2) Sigma(+) {\textendash}> X (2) Pi(i) and N-2(+) (0-0) rotational B (2) Sigma(u)(+) {\textendash}> X (2) Sigma(g)(+) bands were used to monitor the effects of increasing the r.f. power applied to the center,electrode of the source. From these measurements, rotational temperatures for these molecules were calculated. The intensity measurements showed that there is a significant thermal gradient in the source with OH rotational temperatures ranging between 680 and 1050 K and N-2(+) rotational temperatures ranging between 580 and 1920 K with 60 W r.f. power applied to the center electrode. At higher r.f. powers there is an increase in rotational temperatures and an increase in the dissociation of molecular species in the FAPES source. Lead excitation temperatures were calculated using the line ratio method by measuring the emission of the Pb I 280.119 and 283.306 nm lines at different r.f. powers. The temperature was found to increase monotonically with r.f. power over the range of 35 to 75 W.},
	keywords = {EMISSION-SPECTROMETRY, FAPES, LEAD, rotational temperature, SPECTROSCOPY},
	isbn = {0584-8547},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1995TM05600009},
	author = {LeBlanc, C. W. and Blades, M. W.}
}
@article {2965,
	title = {ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE, RADIO-FREQUENCY, CAPACITIVELY COUPLED HELIUM PLASMAS},
	journal = {Spectrochimica Acta Part B-Atomic Spectroscopy},
	volume = {49},
	number = {1},
	year = {1994},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: MX741Times Cited: 25Cited Reference Count: 42},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {47-57},
	type = {Article},
	keywords = {ATOMIC EMISSION-SPECTROSCOPY, DETECTOR, EXCITATION SPECTROMETRY, FAPES, FURNACE, LEAD, POWER},
	isbn = {0584-8547},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1994MX74100006},
	author = {Blades, M. W.}
}
