@article {1125,
	title = {Carbohydrate-bearing 3-hydroxy-4-pyridinonato complexes of gallium(III) and indium(III)},
	journal = {Bioconjugate Chemistry},
	volume = {16},
	number = {6},
	year = {2005},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 985QSTimes Cited: 17Cited Reference Count: 38},
	month = {Nov-Dec},
	pages = {1597-1609},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Gallium and indium complexes with pendant carbohydrates have been prepared and examined for their potential as radiopharmaceuticals. Carbohydrate-bearing 3-hydroxy-4-pyridinone ligand precursors and their tris(ligand)gallium(III) and -indium(III) complexes were synthesized and characterized by mass spectrometry, elemental analysis, and H-1 and C-13 NMR spectroscopy, and in the case of one intermediate, by X-ray crystallography. With three equivalents of ligand, neutral complexes formed with the bidentate hydroxypyridinone moiety complexing the gallium(III) and indium(III) metal centers.},
	keywords = {aluminum, ANALOGS, CITRATE, GLUCOSE, INVIVO, SYSTEM, TC-99M},
	isbn = {1043-1802},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000233393800036},
	author = {Green, D. E. and Ferreira, C. L. and Stick, R. V. and Patrick, B. O. and Adam,Michael J. and Orvig, Chris}
}
@article {1125,
	title = {Carbohydrate-bearing 3-hydroxy-4-pyridinonato complexes of gallium(III) and indium(III)},
	journal = {Bioconjugate Chemistry},
	volume = {16},
	number = {6},
	year = {2005},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 985QSTimes Cited: 17Cited Reference Count: 38},
	month = {Nov-Dec},
	pages = {1597-1609},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Gallium and indium complexes with pendant carbohydrates have been prepared and examined for their potential as radiopharmaceuticals. Carbohydrate-bearing 3-hydroxy-4-pyridinone ligand precursors and their tris(ligand)gallium(III) and -indium(III) complexes were synthesized and characterized by mass spectrometry, elemental analysis, and H-1 and C-13 NMR spectroscopy, and in the case of one intermediate, by X-ray crystallography. With three equivalents of ligand, neutral complexes formed with the bidentate hydroxypyridinone moiety complexing the gallium(III) and indium(III) metal centers.},
	keywords = {aluminum, ANALOGS, CITRATE, GLUCOSE, INVIVO, SYSTEM, TC-99M},
	isbn = {1043-1802},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000233393800036},
	author = {Green, D. E. and Ferreira, C. L. and Stick, R. V. and Patrick, B. O. and Adam,Michael J. and Orvig, Chris}
}
@article {4582,
	title = {Synthesis of new hypoxia markers EF1 and [F-18]-EF1},
	journal = {Applied Radiation and Isotopes},
	volume = {51},
	number = {6},
	year = {1999},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 242RBTimes Cited: 23Cited Reference Count: 33},
	month = {Dec},
	pages = {643-650},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {We report on the preparation of a hypoxia marker 2-(2-nitroimidazol-1[H]-yl)-N-(3-fluoropropyl)acetamide (EF1) and its F-18 analog, 2-(2-nitroimidazol-1[H]-yl)-N-(3-[F-18]fluoropropyl)acetamide ([F-18]-EF1). Two methods for the preparation of 3-fluoropropylamine, the EF1 side chain, are described. [F-18]-EF1 was prepared with a radiochemical yield of 2\% by nucleophilic substitution of bromine in 2-(2-nitroimidazol-1[H]-yl)-N-(3-bromopropyl) acetamide (EBrl) by carrier-added F-18 in DMSO at 120 degrees C. Our results demonstrate the preparation of clinically relevant amounts of [F-18]-EF1 for use as a non-invasive hypoxia marker with detection using positron emission tomography (PET). (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {ADDUCTS, CARCINOMA, CELLS, DEPENDENCE, F-18 FLUOROMISONIDAZOLE, IMAGING TUMOR HYPOXIA, INVIVO, ischemia, NONINVASIVE ASSESSMENT, REDUCTION},
	isbn = {0969-8043},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000082954500006},
	author = {Kachur, A. V. and Dolbier, W. R. and Evans, S. M. and Shiue, C. Y. and Shiue, G. G. and Skov, K. A. and Baird, I. R. and James, Brian R. and Li, A. R. and Roche, A. and Koch, C. J.}
}
@article {4410,
	title = {Complexation of gallium(III) by 2-hydroxynicotinic acid and 3-hydroxypicolinic acid in aqueous solution},
	journal = {Inorganica Chimica Acta},
	volume = {273},
	number = {1-2},
	year = {1998},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: ZP204Times Cited: 17Cited Reference Count: 27XXXIII International Conference on Coordination ChemistryAUG 30-SEP 04, 1998FLORENCE, ITALY},
	month = {May},
	pages = {47-53},
	type = {Proceedings Paper},
	abstract = {The deprotonations of 2-hydroxynicotinic acid (H(2)nic) and 3-hydroxypicolinic acid (H(2)pic) and the complexation of these molecules with Ga3+ were studied by H-1 NMR, UV-Vis spectrophotometry and potentiometric titration. Both ligands bind Ga3+ at very low pH; the ligand binds in the monodeprotonated form. The stability constants of the [Ga(HL)(n)]((3-n)+) (L = nic or pic; n = 1, 2, or 3) complexes were measured at 25 degrees C, 1.0 M NaCl (for beta(1)) and 0.16 M NaCl (for beta(2) and beta(3)); for H(2)nic (H(2)pic), log beta(1) = 6.78 (7.04), log beta(2) = 12.43 (13.09) and log beta(3) = 16.20 (17.74). At higher pH, polynuclear mixed ligand-hydroxo species form, although their composition and stability could not be determined. These complexes undergo hydrolysis to form [Ga(OH)(4)](-) above pH 7. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {3-HYDROXY-4-PYRIDINONES, aluminum, CHELATION, CHEMISTRY, COMPLEXES, EQUILIBRIUM, GA-68, gallium complexes, hydroxynicotinic acid, hydroxypicolinic acid complexes, INDIUM COMPLEXES, INVIVO, LIGANDS, RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS},
	isbn = {0020-1693},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000073728200008},
	author = {Stephens, A. K. W. and Orvig, Chris}
}
@article {4210,
	title = {Inhibition of liposome-induced complement activation by incorporated poly(ethylene glycol) lipids},
	journal = {Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics},
	volume = {357},
	number = {2},
	year = {1998},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 119UCTimes Cited: 65Cited Reference Count: 50},
	month = {Sep},
	pages = {185-194},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Complement activation causes opsonization of foreign particles leading to particle elimination from the blood. Complement-mediated opsonization of charged and large liposomes presents a fundamental problem in their use to deliver therapeutic agents in vivo. To prolong the circulation half-lives of such liposomes, complement activation must be curtailed. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of poly(ethylene glycol)-lipids (PEG-lipids) to inhibit the in vitro activation of the classical pathway of complement in human serum by anionic liposomes. Incorporation of cholesterol-PEG(600) (CH-PEG(600)), cholesterol-PEG(1000) (CH-PEG(1000)), or phosphatidylethanolamine-PEG(2000) (PE-PEG(2000)) resulted in dose-dependent inhibition of Clq binding and complement activation. The dose of PEG-lipid at which complement activation was blocked was inversely related to the PEG chain length. Complement activation was strongly inhibited when 15 mole\% of CH-PEG(600), 10 mole\% CH-PEG(1000), or 5 mole\% PE-PEG(2000), was incorporated into 100-nm anionic liposomes. PEG-lipid incorporation into larger liposomes (240 nm) was also successful in blocking C1q binding and complement activation. Radiolabeled cholesterol-PEG(similar to 1400) was prepared and used to determine both the percentage of CH-PEG incorporated into the liposomes and the percentage maintained in the liposomes in the presence of 50\% human serum at 37 degrees C for up to 24 h. (C) 1998 Academic Press.},
	keywords = {C1q, CHOLESTEROL, CLEARANCE, complement activation, HEPATIC-UPTAKE, INVIVO, LARGE UNILAMELLAR VESICLES, LIPOSOMES, POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL), POLYETHYLENE-GLYCOL, PROLONGED CIRCULATION TIME, SERUM, SIZE, SURFACE-CHARGE},
	isbn = {0003-9861},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000075915200002},
	author = {Bradley, A. J. and Devine, D. V. and Ansell, S. M. and Janzen, J. and Brooks, D. E.}
}
@article {4089,
	title = {Application of long-circulating liposomes to cancer photodynamic therapy},
	journal = {Biological \& Pharmaceutical Bulletin},
	volume = {20},
	number = {6},
	year = {1997},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: XG547Times Cited: 26Cited Reference Count: 30},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {670-673},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Photodynamic therapy (PDT) as a cancer treatment is notable for its quite low side effects in comparison with those of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, the accumulation of porphyrin derivatives used in PDT into tumor tissues is rather low. Since long-circulating liposomes are known to accumulate passively into tumor tissues, we liposomalized a porphyrin derivative, benzoporphyrin derivative monoacid ring A (BPD-MA), and used these liposomes to investigate the usefulness of PDT for tumor-bearing mice. BPD-MA was liposomalized into glucuronate-modified liposomes, which are known to be long-circulating. These liposomes were injected i.v. into Balb/c mice bearing Meth A sarcoma, and tumor regression and survival time were monitored after irradiation with laser light. Tumor regression and complete curing of tumor (80\% cure rate by the treatment with 6 mg/kg BPD-R?IA) were observed when long circulating liposomalized BPD-MA was injected and laser-irradiated. In contrast, only a 20\% cure rate was obtained when the animals were treated with BPD-MA solution or BPD-MA entrapped in conventional liposomes. These results suggest that a long-circulating liposomal formulation of photo-sensitive agents is useful for PDT.},
	keywords = {BEARING MICE, benzoporphyrin, BENZOPORPHYRIN DERIVATIVES, BPD, CELLS, DERIVATIVE, drug delivery system, EFFICACY, INVIVO, LIPOPROTEINS, liposome, MURINE TUMOR-MODEL, PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY, PHOTOSENSITIZER, time},
	isbn = {0918-6158},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1997XG54700016},
	author = {Oku, N. and Saito, N. and Namba, Y. and Tsukada, H. and Dolphin, D. and Okada, S.}
}
@article {3021,
	title = {CHARACTERIZATION OF TRIS(N-SUBSTITUTED-2-METHYL-3-HYDROXY-4-PYRIDINONATO)TECHNETIUM(IV) CATIONS},
	journal = {Inorganic Chemistry},
	volume = {33},
	number = {24},
	year = {1994},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: PU080Times Cited: 14Cited Reference Count: 20},
	month = {Nov},
	pages = {5607-5609},
	type = {Note},
	keywords = {3-HYDROXY-4-PYRIDINONES, AGENTS, aluminum, CHEMISTRY, COMPLEXES, gallium, INVIVO, RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS, TC-99M, technetium},
	isbn = {0020-1669},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1994PU08000042},
	author = {Edwards, D. S. and Liu, S. and Poirier, M. J. and Zhang, Z. H. and Webb, G. A. and Orvig, Chris}
}
@article {2789,
	title = {POTENTIAL TC-99M RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS FOR RENAL IMAGING - TRIS(N-SUBSTITUTED-3-HYDROXY-2-METHYL-4-PYRIDINONATO)TECHNETIUM(IV) CATIONS},
	journal = {Nuclear Medicine and Biology},
	volume = {20},
	number = {7},
	year = {1993},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: LY636Times Cited: 9Cited Reference Count: 21},
	month = {Oct},
	pages = {857-863},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {A series of monocationic complexes of N-substituted-3-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-pyridinones labeled with technetium(IV)-99m have been evaluated in vivo as potential radiopharmaceuticals. The pyridinones have different substituents at the ring nitrogen atom: ethyl, i-propyl, i-butyl, benzyl, phenyl, p-methoxyphenyl, 3-butoxypropyl and cyclohexyl. Biodistribution studies of the Tc-99m complexes have been carried out in rabbits and mice. High kidney uptake and retention of the radionuclide has been shown in rabbits and mice with the cationic complexes of 3-hydroxy-1-(p-methoxyphenyl)-2-methyl-4-pyridinone and 1-(cyclohexyl)-3-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-pyridinone. These (TcL3+)-Tc-99m compounds appear to be morphologic renal agents.},
	keywords = {3-HYDROXY-4-PYRIDINONES, aluminum, CHEMISTRY, COMPLEXES, gallium, INVIVO},
	isbn = {0883-2897},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1993LY63600007},
	author = {Edwards, D. S. and Liu, S. N. and Lyster, D. M. and Poirier, M. J. and Vo, C. and Webb, G. A. and Zhang, Z. H. and Orvig, Chris}
}
@article {7111,
	title = {1-NORMAL-PROPYL-3-HYDROXY-2-METHYL-4-PYRIDINONE AND 1-NORMAL-BUTYL-3-HYDROXY-2-METHYL-4-PYRIDINONE COMPLEXES OF GROUP 13 (IIIA) METAL-IONS},
	journal = {Canadian Journal of Chemistry-Revue Canadienne De Chimie},
	volume = {69},
	number = {5},
	year = {1991},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: FP799Times Cited: 22Cited Reference Count: 22},
	month = {May},
	pages = {893-900},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {{The aluminum, gallium, and indium tris(ligand) complexes of 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-n-propyl-4-pyridinone and 1-n-butyl-3-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-pyridinone have been prepared and characterized. All six compounds were prepared in a one-pot synthesis from maltol, n-propyl-, or n-butylamine and an appropriate metal(III) salt, and were completely characterized (IR, FAB-MS, H-1 NMR, Al-27 NMR, elemental analysis). Three of the six complexes were studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and were found to form trihydrates, unlike their 1-methyl and 1-ethyl analogues, which formed dodecahydrates. The n-butylpyridinone complex Al(C10H14NO2)3.3H2O (Al(nbp)3.3H2O) and n-propylpyridinone complexes Al(C9H12NO2)3.3H2O (Al(npp)3.3H2O), and Ga(C9H12NO2)3.3H2O (Ga(npp)3.3H2O) were essentially isostructural, crystallizing in the space group P3BAR with the following crystal parameters for Al(nbp)3.3H2O (Al(npp)3.3H2O, Ga(npp)3.3H2O): a = 15.885(1) (15.328(1), 15.367(2)) angstrom},
	keywords = {3-HYDROXY-4-PYRIDINONES, aluminum, bonding, CHELATE COMPLEXES, CHEMISTRY, crystal structures, EXOCLATHRATE, gallium, HYDROGEN, HYDROXYPYRIDINONE LIGANDS, indium, INVIVO, LIGANDS, metal complexes},
	isbn = {0008-4042},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1991FP79900019},
	author = {Simpson, L. and Rettig, S. J. and Trotter, J. and Orvig, Chris}
}
@article {7111,
	title = {1-NORMAL-PROPYL-3-HYDROXY-2-METHYL-4-PYRIDINONE AND 1-NORMAL-BUTYL-3-HYDROXY-2-METHYL-4-PYRIDINONE COMPLEXES OF GROUP 13 (IIIA) METAL-IONS},
	journal = {Canadian Journal of Chemistry-Revue Canadienne De Chimie},
	volume = {69},
	number = {5},
	year = {1991},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: FP799Times Cited: 22Cited Reference Count: 22},
	month = {May},
	pages = {893-900},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {{The aluminum, gallium, and indium tris(ligand) complexes of 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-n-propyl-4-pyridinone and 1-n-butyl-3-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-pyridinone have been prepared and characterized. All six compounds were prepared in a one-pot synthesis from maltol, n-propyl-, or n-butylamine and an appropriate metal(III) salt, and were completely characterized (IR, FAB-MS, H-1 NMR, Al-27 NMR, elemental analysis). Three of the six complexes were studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and were found to form trihydrates, unlike their 1-methyl and 1-ethyl analogues, which formed dodecahydrates. The n-butylpyridinone complex Al(C10H14NO2)3.3H2O (Al(nbp)3.3H2O) and n-propylpyridinone complexes Al(C9H12NO2)3.3H2O (Al(npp)3.3H2O), and Ga(C9H12NO2)3.3H2O (Ga(npp)3.3H2O) were essentially isostructural, crystallizing in the space group P3BAR with the following crystal parameters for Al(nbp)3.3H2O (Al(npp)3.3H2O, Ga(npp)3.3H2O): a = 15.885(1) (15.328(1), 15.367(2)) angstrom},
	keywords = {3-HYDROXY-4-PYRIDINONES, aluminum, bonding, CHELATE COMPLEXES, CHEMISTRY, crystal structures, EXOCLATHRATE, gallium, HYDROGEN, HYDROXYPYRIDINONE LIGANDS, indium, INVIVO, LIGANDS, metal complexes},
	isbn = {0008-4042},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1991FP79900019},
	author = {Simpson, L. and Rettig, S. J. and Trotter, J. and Orvig, Chris}
}
