@article {4584,
	title = {Immunochemical extraction and detection of LSD in whole blood},
	journal = {Journal of Immunological Methods},
	volume = {224},
	number = {1-2},
	year = {1999},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 195AQTimes Cited: 10Cited Reference Count: 19},
	month = {Apr},
	pages = {11-18},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Polyclonal antibodies raised against the hallucinogenic drug, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), were used to detect and extract drug from whole blood samples. An indirect ELISA was used to detect as little as 1 pg of total drug in 25 mu l blood. The limit of detection of the immunoassay, calculated from the mean - 3 SD was 39 pg/ml. The analytical recovery of LSD (2.5-0.2 ng/ml) from whole blood was 102-113\%. Within-run CVs for LSD spiked in blood at 1.25, 0.16 and 0.04 ng/ml were 5.6, 3.1, and 8.9\%, respectively (n = 4). There was an overall decrease in precision when whole blood was used in place of urine, due to the increased complexity of the matrix. However, using this technique LSD was calibrated in blood in the sub-ng/ml region of forensic interest. Immunoaffinity extraction was used to isolate LSD from blood and urine samples. The affinity support was prepared by covalently attaching anti-LSD antibodies to Protein A-coated agarose beads. No pre-treatment of the sample was required other than the addition of neutral buffer. Sub-ng/ml concentrations of LSD were routinely extracted from blood and urine samples with greater than 80\% recovery of drug. This technique, which could be used to extract LSD from blood and urine samples prior to confirmatory drug analysis, could be completed in about 10 min. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {BLOOD, CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS-SPECTROMETRY, CONFIRMATION, ELISA, HUMAN URINE, immunoaffinity extraction, IMMUNOASSAY, LSD, LYSERGIC-ACID DIETHYLAMIDE, N-DEMETHYL-LSD, RADIOIMMUNOASSAY, SERUM},
	isbn = {0022-1759},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000080227300002},
	author = {Kerrigan, S. and Brooks, D. E.}
}
@article {4306,
	title = {Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the quantitative estimation of lysergic acid diethylamide in urine},
	journal = {Clinical Chemistry},
	volume = {44},
	number = {5},
	year = {1998},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: ZL795Times Cited: 5Cited Reference Count: 27},
	month = {May},
	pages = {985-990},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {A new antibody to lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) was used to develop a novel indirect ELISA for the quantification of drug in urine. Evaluation of the new assay with the commercially available LSD ELISA (STC Diagnostics) shows improved performance. The test requires 50 mu L of urine, which is used to measure concentrations of drug in the mu g/L to ng/L range. The Limit of detection was 8 ng/L compared with 85 ng/L in the commercial assay, and analytical recoveries were 98-106\%. Our test detected 0.1 mu g/L of LSD in urine with an intraassay CV of 2.4\% (n = 8) compared with 6.0\% for a 0.5 mu g/L sample in the commercial assay (n = 20). The upper and lower limits of quantification were estimated to be 7 mu g/L and 50 ng/L, respectively. Specificity was evaluated by measuring the extent of cross-reactivity with 24 related substances. Drug determination using the new assay offers both improved sensitivity and precision compared with existing methods, thus facilitating the preliminary quantitative estimation of LSD in urine at lower concentrations with a greater degree of certainty.},
	keywords = {AFFINITY, BODY-FLUIDS, ELISA, GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY, METABOLITES, MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES, N-DEMETHYL-LSD, RADIOIMMUNOASSAY, SERUM, TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY},
	isbn = {0009-9147},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000073472300014},
	author = {Kerrigan, S. and Brooks, D. E.}
}
