@article {MASTREN201724,
	title = {Bulk production and evaluation of high specific activity 186gRe for cancer therapy using enriched 186WO3 targets in a proton beam},
	journal = {Nuclear Medicine and Biology},
	volume = {49},
	year = {2017},
	pages = {24 - 29},
	abstract = {Introduction Rhenium-186g (t1/2 = 3.72 d) is a β- emitting isotope suitable for theranostic applications. Current production methods rely on reactor production by way of the reaction 185Re(n,γ)186gRe, which results in low specific activities limiting its use for cancer therapy. Production via charged particle activation of enriched 186W results in a 186gRe product with a higher specific activity, allowing it to be used more broadly for targeted radiotherapy applications. This targets the unmet clinical need for more efficient radiotherapeutics. Methods A target consisting of highly enriched, pressed 186WO3 was irradiated with protons at the Los Alamos National Laboratory Isotope Production Facility (LANL-IPF) to evaluate 186gRe product yield and quality. LANL-IPF was operated in a dedicated nominal 40 MeV mode. Alkaline dissolution followed by anion exchange chromatography was used to isolate 186gRe from the target material. Phantom and radiolabeling studies were conducted with the produced 186gRe activity. Results A 186gRe batch yield of 1.38 {\textpm} 0.09 MBq/μAh or 384.9 {\textpm} 27.3 MBq/C was obtained after 16.5 h in a 205 μA average/230μA maximum current proton beam. The chemical recovery yield was 93\% and radiolabeling was achieved with efficiencies ranging from 60{\textendash}80\%. True specific activity of 186gRe at EOB was determined via ICP-AES and amounted to 0.788 {\textpm} 0.089 GBq/μg (0.146 {\textpm} 0.017 GBq/nmol), which is approximately seven times higher than the product obtained from neutron capture in a reactor. Phantom studies show similar imaging quality to the gold standard 99mTc. Conclusions We report a preliminary study of the large-scale production and novel anion exchange based chemical recovery of high specific activity 186gRe from enriched 186WO3 targets in a high-intensity proton beam with exceptional chemical recovery and radiochemical purity.},
	keywords = {high specific activity, radiolabeling, RE, SPECT phantom images, Theranostic, WO target},
	issn = {0969-8051},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2017.02.006},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969805116304176},
	author = {Tara Mastren and Valery Radchenko and Hong T. Bach and Ethan R. Balkin and Eva R. Birnbaum and Mark Brugh and Jonathan W. Engle and Matthew D. Gott and James Guthrie and Heather M. Hennkens and Kevin D. John and Alan R. Ketring and Marina Kuchuk and Joel R. Maassen and Cleo M. Naranjo and F. Meiring Nortier and Tim E. Phelps and Silvia S. Jurisson and D. Scott Wilbur and Michael E. Fassbender}
}
@article {JLCR:JLCR2990,
	title = {Rapid, one-step, high yielding 18F-labeling of an aryltrifluoroborate bioconjugate by isotope exchange at very high specific activity},
	journal = {Journal of Labelled Compounds and Radiopharmaceuticals},
	volume = {55},
	number = {14},
	year = {2012},
	pages = {491{\textendash}496},
	abstract = {A rapid, single step, aqueous 18F-labeling method that proceeds under mild conditions to provide radiotracers in high radiochemical yield and at high specific activity represents a long-standing challenge. Arylboronates capture aqueous 18F-fluoride ion in buffered pH 2{\textendash}3 at moderate temperature to provide a highly polar 18F-ArBF3- anion. Similarly, 19F-18F isotope exchange on a 19F-ArBF3- should create an 18F-ArBF3-. We hypothesized that this reaction would proceed in volumes that would be amenable to the high levels of 18F-activity used in clinical hospitals. In order to measure both radiochemical and chemical yields, along with specific activity, we linked an alkyne-19F-ArBF3- to rhodamine azide by standard click chemistry to afford a precursor Rh-19F-ArBF3-. This precursor was aliquoted in portions of 50 nmol and lyophilized for on-demand use. Using robotic manipulators in a hot cell, we combined >29.6 GBq (800 mCi) and 50 nmol of the Rh-19F-ArBF3- in aqueous dimethylformamide at buffered pH 2{\textendash}3. Following mild heating (40 {\textdegree}C) for 10-15 min, the reaction was quenched and analyzed. We observed radiochemical yields of 50\% and specific activities of nearly 555 GBq/{\textmu}mol (15 Ci/{\textmu}mol). Similar radiochemical yields and slightly lower specific activities were also obtained with ~400 mCi (n = 2). With radiochemical yields in the hundreds of millicuries and specific activities that are 3{\textendash}10-fold higher than most radiotracers, this method is very attractive method for preparing clinically useful radiotracers. Moreover, the ability to produce tracers at extraordinarily high specific activities expands the distribution time window from production labs to distant positron emission tomography scanners. Copyright {\textcopyright} 2012 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.},
	keywords = {bioconjugates, fluorescent radiotracers, high specific activity, one-step 18F-labeling},
	issn = {1099-1344},
	doi = {10.1002/jlcr.2990},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jlcr.2990},
	author = {Liu, Zhibo and Li, Ying and Lozada, Jerome and Pan, Jinhe and Lin, Kuo-Shyan and Schaffer, Paul and Perrin, David M.}
}
