@article {27784,
	title = {Meteorological and aerosol effects on marine cloud microphysical properties},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres},
	volume = {121},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {4142{\textendash}4161},
	keywords = {AEROSOL, Aerosols and particles, Cloud physics and chemistry, cloud reflectivity, Clouds and aerosols, hygroscopicity, lapse rate, spectral width},
	issn = {2169-8996},
	doi = {10.1002/2015JD024595},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015JD024595},
	author = {Sanchez, K. J. and Russell, L. M. and Modini, R. L. and Frossard, A. A. and Ahlm, L. and Corrigan, C. E. and Roberts, G. C. and Hawkins, L. N. and Schroder, J. C. and Bertram, A. K. and Zhao, R. and Lee, A. K. Y. and Lin, J. J. and Nenes, A. and Wang, Z. and Wonasch{\"u}tz, A. and Sorooshian, A. and Noone, K. J. and Jonsson, H. and Toom, D. and Macdonald, A. M. and Leaitch, W. R. and Seinfeld, J. H.}
}
@article {1382,
	title = {Deposition ice nucleation on soot at temperatures relevant for the lower troposphere},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres},
	volume = {111},
	number = {D4},
	year = {2006},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 021EPTimes Cited: 36Cited Reference Count: 43},
	month = {Feb},
	pages = {9},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The ice nucleating efficiency of many important atmospheric particles remains poorly understood. Here we investigate the ice nucleation properties of a range of soot types including soot that has been treated with atmospherically relevant amounts of ozone. We focus on deposition nucleation below water saturation and at temperatures ranging from 243 to 258 K. For our experimental conditions, ice nucleation never occurred at temperatures above 248 K and below water saturation. Below 248 K, ice occasionally formed in our experiments with no indication of the formation of water droplets prior to ice formation. However, even at these temperatures the relative humidity with respect to ice (RHi) was close to water saturation when ice nucleation was observed, suggesting water nucleation may have occurred first followed by ice nucleation during the condensation process. We also performed a complimentary set of experiments where we held soot particles at 248 K and RHi = 124 +/- 4\%, which is just below water saturation, for a period of 8 hours. From these measurements we calculated an upper limit of the heterogeneous ice nucleation rate coefficient of 0.1 cm(-2) s(-1). If the number of soot particles is 1.5 x 10(5) L-1 in the atmosphere ( which corresponds to urban-influenced rural areas), then the number of ice particles produced below water saturation at these conditions is at most 0.1 particles L-1 on the basis of our upper limit. We conclude from our studies that deposition nucleation of ice on most types of soot particles is not important in the Earth{\textquoteright}s troposphere above 243 K and below water saturation.},
	keywords = {ACID, AEROSOL, CARBON, CLOUDS, crystallization, CRYSTALS, deliquescence, EXHAUST, PARTICLES, WATER},
	isbn = {0148-0227},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000235966800008},
	author = {Dymarska, M. and Murray, B. J. and Sun, L. M. and Eastwood, M. L. and Knopf, D. A. and Bertram, A. K.}
}
@article {955,
	title = {Deliquescence and crystallization of ammonium sulfate-glutaric acid and sodium chloride-glutaric acid particles},
	journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
	volume = {31},
	number = {12},
	year = {2004},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 839HNTimes Cited: 24Cited Reference Count: 20},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {4},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {In the following, we report the deliquescence relative humidities (DRH) and crystallization relative humidities (CRH) of mixed inorganic-organic particles, specifically ammonium sulfate-glutaric acid and sodium chloride-glutaric acid particles. Knowledge of the DRH and CRH of mixed inorganic-organic particles is crucial for predicting the role of aerosol particles in the atmosphere. Our DRH results are in good agreement with previous measurements, but our CRH results are significantly lower than some of the previous measurements reported in the literature. Our studies show that the DRH and CRH of ammonium sulfate and sodium chloride only decreased slightly when the mole fraction of the acid was less than 0.4. If other organics in the atmosphere behave in a similar manner, then the DRH and CRH of mixed inorganic-organic atmospheric particles will only be slightly less than the DRH and CRH of pure inorganic particles when the organic mole fraction is less than 0.4. Our results also show that if the particles contain a significant amount of organics ( mole fraction>0.5) the crystallization relative humidity decreases significantly and the particles are more likely to remain in the liquid state. Further work is needed to determine if other organics species of atmospheric importance have a similar effect.},
	keywords = {AEROSOL, DICARBOXYLIC-ACIDS, PHYSICAL STATE},
	isbn = {0094-8276},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000222774700005},
	author = {Pant, A. and Fok, A. and Parsons, M. T. and Mak, J. and Bertram, A. K.}
}
@article {957,
	title = {Deliquescence of malonic, succinic, glutaric, and adipic acid particles},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres},
	volume = {109},
	number = {D6},
	year = {2004},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 809FPTimes Cited: 32Cited Reference Count: 46},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {8},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {In order to understand and predict the role of organic particles in the atmosphere their deliquescence behavior must be understood. Using an optical microscope coupled to a flow cell, we investigated the deliquescence of malonic, succinic, glutaric, and adipic acid particles with sizes ranging from 2 to 40 mm. Deliquescence relative humidities were determined for temperatures ranging from 293 to 243 K. Over this temperature range both succinic acid and adipic acid deliquesced at approximately 100\% relative humidity, whereas malonic acid and glutaric acid deliquesced at significantly lower relative humidities. These results are generally in good agreement with previous studies and are within 3\% of calculations based on the UNIQUAC (universal quasi-chemical) Functional Group Activity Coefficients (UNIFAC) model and recently published interaction parameters. Our studies also include measurements at temperatures below the eutectic temperatures. At these temperatures, ice did not nucleate; rather the particles underwent deliquescence to form metastable solution droplets. This indicates that solid dicarboxylic acids are not good ice nuclei above 243 K and hence will probably not play a role in ice cloud formation at these temperatures.},
	keywords = {AEROSOL, AEROSOL PHASE, AMAZON BASIN, AMMONIUM-SULFATE, atmospheric chemistry, ATMOSPHERIC PARTICLES, CIRRUS CLOUD FORMATION, deliquescence, dicarboxylic acid, DICARBOXYLIC-ACIDS, HYGROSCOPIC GROWTH, ice, NUCLEATION, optical microscopy, PHASE-TRANSITIONS, STRATOSPHERIC TEMPERATURES, WATER},
	isbn = {0148-0227},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000220622900002},
	author = {Parsons, M. T. and Mak, J. and Lipetz, S. R. and Bertram, A. K.}
}
