@article {2198,
	title = {Inhibition of solute crystallisation in aqueous H+-NH4+-SO42{\textendash}H2O droplets},
	journal = {Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics},
	volume = {10},
	number = {22},
	year = {2008},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 304MXTimes Cited: 7Cited Reference Count: 68Murray, Benjamin J. Bertram, Allan K.},
	pages = {3287-3301},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Ice clouds in the Earth{\textquoteright}s upper troposphere can form via homogeneous nucleation of ice in aqueous droplets. In this study we investigate the crystallisation, or lack of crystallisation, of the solute phase and ice in aqueous (NH4)(3)H(SO4)(2)/H2O and NH4HSO4/H2O droplets. This is done using in situ X-ray diffraction of emulsified solution droplets mounted on a cold stage. From the diffraction patterns we are able to identify the phases of crystalline solute and ice that form after homogeneous freezing in micrometer sized droplets. An important finding from this study is that crystallisation of the solute does not always occur, even when crystallisation is strongly thermodynamically favoured. The nucleation and growth of solute phase crystals becomes inhibited since the viscosity of the aqueous brine most likely increases dramatically as the brine concentration increases and temperature decreases. If ice nucleates below a threshold freezing temperature, the brine appears to rapidly become so viscous that solute crystallisation is inhibited. This threshold temperature is 192 K and 180 K, in ( NH4) 3H( SO4) 2 and NH4HSO4, respectively. We also speculate that the formation of cubic ice within a highly viscous brine blocks the solvent mediated cubic to hexagonal phase transformation, thus stabilising the metastable cubic ice in the most concentrated solution droplets.},
	keywords = {CUBIC ICE, GLASS-TRANSITION, H2SO4/NH3/H2O AEROSOL-PARTICLES, HOMOGENEOUS ICE NUCLEATION, LIQUID WATER, LOW-TEMPERATURES, NH4HSO4, PHASE-TRANSITIONS, solutions, SULFURIC-ACID, SUPERCOOLED WATER},
	isbn = {1463-9076},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000256114700013},
	author = {Murray, B. J. and Bertram, A. K.}
}
@article {495,
	title = {Magnetic and structural studies on 1,3-diazolate complexes of cobalt(II) - The characterization of three new cobalt(II) molecule-based magnets},
	journal = {Canadian Journal of Chemistry-Revue Canadienne De Chimie},
	volume = {80},
	number = {2},
	year = {2002},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 531ZZTimes Cited: 10Cited Reference Count: 35},
	month = {Feb},
	pages = {133-140},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {{The cobalt(II) compounds ([Co(imid)(2)](x) (1), [Co(2-meimid)(2)](x) (2), [Co(4-meimid)(2)](x) (3), [Co(benzimid)(2)](x) (4), and [Co-3(imid)(6)(imidH)(2)](x) (5) (imid = imidazolate},
	keywords = {1, 3, 3-diazolates, 5-DIMETHYLPYRAZOLATE, BR, canted spins, CH3, cobalt(II), COMPLEXES, COORDINATION CHEMISTRY, CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE, LIGANDS, LOW-TEMPERATURES, METAL PYRAZOLATE POLYMERS, METALLOCENES, molecule-based magnets, SYSTEMS},
	isbn = {0008-4042},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000174448300002},
	author = {Sanchez, V. and Storr, A. and Thompson, R. C.}
}
@article {495,
	title = {Magnetic and structural studies on 1,3-diazolate complexes of cobalt(II) - The characterization of three new cobalt(II) molecule-based magnets},
	journal = {Canadian Journal of Chemistry-Revue Canadienne De Chimie},
	volume = {80},
	number = {2},
	year = {2002},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 531ZZTimes Cited: 10Cited Reference Count: 35},
	month = {Feb},
	pages = {133-140},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {{The cobalt(II) compounds ([Co(imid)(2)](x) (1), [Co(2-meimid)(2)](x) (2), [Co(4-meimid)(2)](x) (3), [Co(benzimid)(2)](x) (4), and [Co-3(imid)(6)(imidH)(2)](x) (5) (imid = imidazolate},
	keywords = {1, 3, 3-diazolates, 5-DIMETHYLPYRAZOLATE, BR, canted spins, CH3, cobalt(II), COMPLEXES, COORDINATION CHEMISTRY, CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE, LIGANDS, LOW-TEMPERATURES, METAL PYRAZOLATE POLYMERS, METALLOCENES, molecule-based magnets, SYSTEMS},
	isbn = {0008-4042},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000174448300002},
	author = {Sanchez, V. and Storr, A. and Thompson, R. C.}
}
@article {5160,
	title = {Polybis(pyrazolato)iron(II) and poly-2,2 {\textquoteright} bipyridinetetrakis(imidazolato)-diiron(II) and -dicobalt(II): from short-range magnetic interactions in the pyrazolate to long-range ferromagnetic ordering in the imidazolates},
	journal = {Polyhedron},
	volume = {20},
	number = {11-14},
	year = {2001},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 451LWTimes Cited: 11Cited Reference Count: 307th International Conference on Molecule-Base Magnets (ICMM 2000)SEP 16-21, 2000SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS},
	month = {May},
	pages = {1577-1585},
	type = {Proceedings Paper},
	abstract = {Polybis(pyrazolato)iron(II), [Fe(pz)(2)](x) (1) has an extended chain ID structure in which iron ions are doubly bridged by pyrazolate ligands. The compound exhibits weak antiferromagnetic interactions. The magnetic susceptibility data were fit to a Heisenberg model for chains of antiferromagnetically coupled S= 2 metal centers, yielding the magnetic parameters -J= 0.59 cm(-1) and g = 2.01. Poly-2,2{\textquoteright}-bipyridinetetrakis(imidazolato)diiron(II), [Fe-2(imid)(3)(bipy)](x) (2) and the isomorphous cobalt compound, 3, have 2D extended structures in which double layered sheets of alternating tetrahedrally and octahedrally coordinated metal ions are linked by single bridging imidazolates. The octahedral metal centers are additionally coordinated by 2,2{\textquoteright}-bipyridine ligands, which occupy positions between the sheets, isolating the sheets from each other. The presence of the two different iron centers in 2 is confirmed by ambient temperature Mossbauer studies. The magnetic properties of these materials reveal a transition to long-range ferromagnetic order below 11 K for 2 and below 13 K for 3. Both materials reveal magnetic hysteresis at 4.8 K. Analysis of the data yield, for 2 and 3, respectively, coercive fields of 15 and 125 G and remanent magnetizations of 200 and 1900 cm(3) G mol(-1). (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {antiferromagenetism, COMPLEXES, COORDINATION CHEMISTRY, crystal structures, ferromagnetic ordering, iron(II) and cobalt(II) imidazolates, iron(II) pyrazolate, LIGANDS, LOW-TEMPERATURES, METALLOCENES, MOSSBAUER, POLYMERS, SERIES, SYSTEMS},
	isbn = {0277-5387},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000169804400076},
	author = {Patrick, B. O. and Reiff, W. M. and Sanchez, V. and Storr, A. and Thompson, R. C.}
}
@article {5160,
	title = {Polybis(pyrazolato)iron(II) and poly-2,2 {\textquoteright} bipyridinetetrakis(imidazolato)-diiron(II) and -dicobalt(II): from short-range magnetic interactions in the pyrazolate to long-range ferromagnetic ordering in the imidazolates},
	journal = {Polyhedron},
	volume = {20},
	number = {11-14},
	year = {2001},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 451LWTimes Cited: 11Cited Reference Count: 307th International Conference on Molecule-Base Magnets (ICMM 2000)SEP 16-21, 2000SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS},
	month = {May},
	pages = {1577-1585},
	type = {Proceedings Paper},
	abstract = {Polybis(pyrazolato)iron(II), [Fe(pz)(2)](x) (1) has an extended chain ID structure in which iron ions are doubly bridged by pyrazolate ligands. The compound exhibits weak antiferromagnetic interactions. The magnetic susceptibility data were fit to a Heisenberg model for chains of antiferromagnetically coupled S= 2 metal centers, yielding the magnetic parameters -J= 0.59 cm(-1) and g = 2.01. Poly-2,2{\textquoteright}-bipyridinetetrakis(imidazolato)diiron(II), [Fe-2(imid)(3)(bipy)](x) (2) and the isomorphous cobalt compound, 3, have 2D extended structures in which double layered sheets of alternating tetrahedrally and octahedrally coordinated metal ions are linked by single bridging imidazolates. The octahedral metal centers are additionally coordinated by 2,2{\textquoteright}-bipyridine ligands, which occupy positions between the sheets, isolating the sheets from each other. The presence of the two different iron centers in 2 is confirmed by ambient temperature Mossbauer studies. The magnetic properties of these materials reveal a transition to long-range ferromagnetic order below 11 K for 2 and below 13 K for 3. Both materials reveal magnetic hysteresis at 4.8 K. Analysis of the data yield, for 2 and 3, respectively, coercive fields of 15 and 125 G and remanent magnetizations of 200 and 1900 cm(3) G mol(-1). (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {antiferromagenetism, COMPLEXES, COORDINATION CHEMISTRY, crystal structures, ferromagnetic ordering, iron(II) and cobalt(II) imidazolates, iron(II) pyrazolate, LIGANDS, LOW-TEMPERATURES, METALLOCENES, MOSSBAUER, POLYMERS, SERIES, SYSTEMS},
	isbn = {0277-5387},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000169804400076},
	author = {Patrick, B. O. and Reiff, W. M. and Sanchez, V. and Storr, A. and Thompson, R. C.}
}
@article {4073,
	title = {Aerobic biodegradation of biphenyl and polychlorinated biphenyls by arctic soil microorganisms},
	journal = {Applied and Environmental Microbiology},
	volume = {63},
	number = {9},
	year = {1997},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: XV510Times Cited: 28Cited Reference Count: 29},
	month = {Sep},
	pages = {3378-3384},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {We examined the degradation of biphenyl an the commercial polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) mixture Aroclor 1221 by indigenous Arctic soil microorganisms to assess both the response of the soil microflora to PCB pollution and the potential of the microflora for bioremediation. In soil slurries, Arctic soil microflora and temperature-soil microflora had similar potentials to mineralize [C-14]biphenyl. Mineralization began sooner and was more extensive in slurries of PCB-contaminated Arctic soils than in slurries of uncontaminated Arctic soils. The maximum mineralization rates at 30 and 7 degrees C were typically 1.2 to 1.4 and 0.52 to 1.0 mg of biphenyl g of dry soil(-1) day(-1), respectively. Slurries of PCB-contaminated Arctic soils degraded Aroclor 1221 more extensively at 30 degrees C (71 to 76\% removal) than at 7 degrees C (14 to 40\% removal). We isolated from Arctic soils organisms that were capable of psychrotolerant (growing at 7 to 30 degrees C) or psychrophilic (growing at 7 to 15 degrees C) growth on biphenyl. Two psychrotolerant isolates extensively degraded Aroclor 1221 at 7 degrees C (54 to 60\% removal). The soil microflora and psychrotolerant isolates degraded all mono-, most di-, and some trichlorobiphenyl congeners. The results suggest that PCB pollution selected for biphenyl-mineralizing microorganisms in Arctic soils. While low temperatures severely limited Aroclor 1221 removal in slurries of Arctic soils, results with pure cultures suggest that more effective PCB biodegradation is possible under appropriate conditions.},
	keywords = {bioremediation, LOW-TEMPERATURES},
	isbn = {0099-2240},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1997XV51000007},
	author = {Mohn, W. W. and Westerberg, K. and Cullen, W. R. and Reimer, K. J.}
}
@article {7172,
	title = {KINETIC ISOTOPE EFFECTS IN GAS-PHASE MUONIUM REACTIONS},
	journal = {Acs Symposium Series},
	volume = {502},
	year = {1992},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: JY550Times Cited: 16Cited Reference Count: 101},
	pages = {111-137},
	type = {Review},
	abstract = {The study of the reaction dynamics of muonium (Mu), an ultralight isotope of hydrogen ((m)Mu/(m)H almost-equal-to 1/9), provides a sensitive measure of mass effects in chemical reactions. The remarkable mass difference between Mu and the other hydrogen isotopes produces large kinetic isotope effects, providing a rigorous test of calculated potential energy surfaces (PES) and reaction rate theories. The low Mu mass also necessitates careful consideration of quantum effects, i.e. tunneling in the reaction coordinate. A review of recent results in gas phase Mu chemistry is presented, including comparison with relevant H chemistry and calculated PESs, where available. The magnitude and direction of the kinetic isotope effect is shown to be a sensitive function of the PES, particularly the height and position of the saddle point.},
	keywords = {+ HBR(DBR) ABSTRACTION, ACTION, ADDITION-REACTIONS, CALCULATIONS, CHARGE-EXCHANGE, COLLISIONS, LOW-TEMPERATURES, POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACES, PRESSURE-DEPENDENCE, RESONANCE, THERMAL RATE CONSTANTS, TRANSITION-STATE THEORY, TUNNELING PATHS},
	isbn = {0097-6156},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1992JY55000008},
	author = {Baer, S. and Fleming, Donald G. and Arseneau, D. and Senba, M. and Gonzalez, A.}
}
