@article {32774,
	title = {Chelating N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands Enable Tuning of Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction to Formate and Carbon Monoxide: Surface Organometallic Chemistry},
	journal = {Angewandte Chemie International Edition},
	volume = {57},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {4981-4985},
	abstract = {<p>Abstract Reported here is the chelate effect as a design principle for tuning heterogeneous catalysts for electrochemical CO2 reduction. Palladium functionalized with a chelating tris-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand (Pd-timtmbMe) exhibits a 32-fold increase in activity for electrochemical reduction of CO2 to C1 products with high Faradaic efficiency (FEC1=86\&thinsp;\%) compared to the parent unfunctionalized Pd foil (FE=23\&thinsp;\%), and with sustained activity relative to a monodentate NHC-ligated Pd electrode (Pd-mimtmbMe). The results highlight the contributions of the chelate effect for tailoring and maintaining reactivity at molecular-materials interfaces enabled by surface organometallic chemistry.</p>},
	keywords = {CO2 reduction, electrocatalysis, N-heterocyclic carbenes, palladium, surface chemistry},
	doi = {10.1002/anie.201800367},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/anie.201800367},
	author = {Cao, Zhi and Derrick, Jeffrey S. and Xu, Jun and Gao, Rui and Gong, Ming and Nichols, Eva M. and Smith, Peter T. and Liu, Xingwu and Wen, Xiaodong and Cop{\'e}ret, Christophe and Chang, Christopher J.}
}
