@article { ISI:000400997300001, title = {Observations of atmospheric chemical deposition to high Arctic snow}, journal = {ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS}, volume = {17}, number = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {MAY 10}, pages = {5775-5788}, abstract = {Rapidly rising temperatures and loss of snow and ice cover have demonstrated the unique vulnerability of the high Arctic to climate change. There are major uncertainties in modelling the chemical depositional and scavenging processes of Arctic snow. To that end, fresh snow samples collected on average every 4 days at Alert, Nunavut, from September 2014 to June 2015 were analyzed for black carbon, major ions, and metals, and their concentrations and fluxes were reported. Comparison with simultaneous measurements of atmospheric aerosol mass loadings yields effective deposition velocities that encompass all processes by which the atmospheric species are transferred to the snow. It is inferred from these values that dry deposition is the dominant removal mechanism for several compounds over the winter while wet deposition increased in importance in the fall and spring, possibly due to enhanced scavenging by mixed-phase clouds. Black carbon aerosol was the least efficiently deposited species to the snow.}, issn = {1680-7316}, doi = {10.5194/acp-17-5775-2017}, author = {Macdonald, Katrina M. and Sharma, Sangeeta and Toom, Desiree and Chivulescu, Alina and Hanna, Sarah and Bertram, Allan K. and Platt, Andrew and Elsasser, Mike and Huang, Lin and Tarasick, David and Chellman, Nathan and McConnell, Joseph R. and Bozem, Heiko and Kunkel, Daniel and Lei, Ying Duan and Evans, Greg J. and Abbatt, Jonathan P. D.} }